Byline: By danny hakim section: Section B; Column 0; Metropolitan Desk; Pg. 1 Length

URL: http://www.nytimes.com
SUBJECT: MUSEUMS & GALLERIES (90%); TALKS & MEETINGS (90%); ART & ARTISTS (89%); CULTURE DEPARTMENTS (78%); FUNDRAISING (78%); EXHIBITIONS (78%); PAINTING (78%); DESTINATIONS & ATTRACTIONS (78%); WORKPLACE DIVERSITY (77%); CHILDREN (77%); BUDGET (72%)
GEOGRAPHIC: HARTFORD, CT, USA (78%) CONNECTICUT, USA (90%); NEW JERSEY, USA (79%) UNITED STATES (90%)
LOAD-DATE: May 25, 2008
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH
GRAPHIC: PHOTOS: IN CHARGE: Peter C. Sutton, above, in his office at the Bruce Museum in Greenwich, Conn., preparing for a meeting. Right, top: Mary Sue Sweeney Price, right, director of the Newark Museum, discussing preparations for an exhibition of African art with Christa Clarke, its curator. Middle: Terrie Sultan, right, director of the Parrish Art Museum in Southampton, N.Y., with her assistant, Carol Powel Smith. Bottom: Michael Botwinick, the director of the Hudson River Museum in Yonkers, called some of the job's business responsibilities ''pretty boring stuff , but incredibly important.'' (PHOTOGRAPHS BY ROB BENNETT FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

MAXINE HICKS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

ALEX DI SUVERO FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

SUSAN FARLEY FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES) (pg. NJ8)

BUSY: The director of the Newark Museum, Mary Sue Sweeney Price (standing, in jacket, above), with Arlene Lieberman (also standing), the head of the museum's board, at a volunteers luncheon. Below: Peter C. Sutton, the director of the Bruce Museum in Greenwich, Conn., at work. (PHOTOGRAPHS BY ALEX DI SUVERO FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

SUSAN FARLEY FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES) (pg. NJ1)

PUBLICATION-TYPE: Newspaper

Copyright 2008 The New York Times Company

741 of 1231 DOCUMENTS

The New York Times
May 25, 2008 Sunday

Late Edition - Final

Cloud Computing: So You Don't Have to Stand Still
BYLINE: By MICHAEL FITZGERALD.

Michael Fitzgerald writes about business, technology and culture. E-mail: [e-mail]

SECTION: Section BU; Column 0; Money and Business/Financial Desk; PROTOTYPE; Pg. 4
LENGTH: 1009 words
CLOUD computing is the jargon of the moment in the technology industry. Google, I.B.M., Microsoft and Yahoo are just some of the big companies talking up the cloud, and a bunch of smaller ones are, too.

What, you may be thinking, is cloud computing? Basically, it means obtaining computing resources -- processing, storage, messaging, databases and so on -- from someplace outside your own four walls, and paying only for what you use.

It's a mushy term that is being applied loosely to many things on the Web. Salesforce.com is now called a cloud application -- after all, companies let it store their sales data, rather than running it on their own systems. Facebook, too, is a cloud platform, because software developers write applications for it and distribute them on it.

Then there's the infrastructure cloud, where companies offer up their servers, storage and other technology to anyone who can pay. Previously, that was called grid or utility computing, because you tap into it as you need it, as you would with the power grid, and pay only for what you use. In the early days of computing, it was called time-sharing.

Thus, the concepts themselves aren't new. ''It's true that we did not invent storage, databases, computers or database functionality,'' says Andy Jassy, senior vice president of Amazon Web Services, a unit of Amazon.com that started in 2006 and was a pioneer in this new round of pay-as-you-go infrastructure cloud services. Amazon, though, does not call its cloud a cloud, except for one service called the Elastic Compute Cloud.

(The New York Times uses Amazon Web Services to make editions from 1851 to 1922 available on the Web.)

What looks to be new is the way high-speed Internet access and almost limitless supplies of storage and processing power can now be pulled together.

A vivid example of cloud power comes from Animoto, an 18-month-old start-up in New York that lets customers upload images and music and automatically creates customized Web-based video presentations from them; many people then share them with friends. Animoto gives a free video presentation to anyone who signs up for its service, and earlier this spring about 5,000 people a day were trying it.

Then, in mid-April, Facebook users went into a small frenzy over the application, and Animoto had nearly 750,000 people sign up in three days. At the peak, almost 25,000 people tried Animoto in a single hour.

To satisfy that leap in demand with servers, the company would have needed to multiply its server capacity nearly 100-fold, says Stevie Clifton, 30, a co-founder of Animoto and the chief technology officer. But Mr. Clifton and the other co-founders had neither the money to build significant server capacity nor the skills -- and interest -- to manage it.

Instead, they had already worked with RightScale, a cloud services firm in Santa Barbara, Calif., to design their application for Amazon's cloud. That paid off during the three-day surge in growth, when Animoto did not buy or configure a single new server. It added capacity on Amazon, at the cost of about 10 cents a server per hour, as well as some marginal expenses for bandwidth, storage and some related services.

While there were hiccups -- it was a huge spike, even for Amazon -- none of them were major. And when demand slowed, Animoto automatically lowered its server use, and its bill. Animoto also received an unforeseen benefit: in May, Amazon.com decided to invest in it.

Combining the ability to rapidly shift capacity with a new distribution and marketing channel like Facebook is what makes the cloud exciting for software entrepreneurs, says Simeon Simeonov, technology partner at Polaris Venture Partners, a venture capital firm in Waltham, Mass. He says that anyone who works with software can use a cloud service to test an idea cheaply and quickly to see if it works.

That's even true for companies that aren't in the software business. Mr. Simeonov says he knows an executive at a financial services firm who has used a cloud computing service to test a concept that wasn't given resources by his company's information technology department.

Traditional companies are also beginning to adapt their computing infrastructure to the cloud. Reuven Cohen is founder and chief technologist at Enomaly, a software firm in Etobicoke, Ontario, that helps companies do just that. While most of its clients are technology businesses, Mr. Cohen says Enomaly is working with a New York-based bank that uses cloud computing to develop and test applications. He says that another customer is a large media business that uses the cloud to process video.

He sees this kind of need-driven use as a ''fundamental change in how we manage technology.''

In fact, cloud computing is poised to do for technology what the electrical grid did for power, says Nicholas Carr, author of ''The Big Switch,'' which compares the rise of the cloud to the rise of electric utilities. The electrical grid streamlined operations for companies; when every home had cheap power and outlets, ''you had incredible innovation in how to put all that cheap power to use,'' Mr. Carr says. He thinks that cloud computing will prompt a similar cycle over the next decade.

There are practical problems that could turn the cloud into a thunderhead. The technology is still emerging: Amazon's Simple Storage Service (S3) went offline for a couple of hours in February.

Peter O'Kelly, an analyst at the Burton Group, a technology research firm, says he thinks that many established companies will not save money by moving to the cloud. And Alistair Croll, a partner at Bitcurrent, a consulting firm that specializes in Web and cloud technologies, says companies will not be able to put data willy-nilly into the cloud because of security concerns.

At the same time, Mr. Croll says the cloud is here to stay. ''The Web has become the interface'' for computing, ''the 110 AC outlet,'' he says. That is a fundamental shift that could power a new cycle of technological innovation.

URL: http://www.nytimes.com
SUBJECT: NETWORK SERVERS (89%); INTERNET & WWW (89%); INTERNET SOCIAL NETWORKING (89%); SOFTWARE MAKERS (78%); INTERNET VIDEO (75%); ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION (73%); ELECTRIC POWER PLANTS (72%); COMPUTER SOFTWARE (78%)
COMPANY: GOOGLE INC (58%); MICROSOFT CORP (58%); SALESFORCE.COM INC (57%); FACEBOOK INC (56%); AMAZON.COM INC (54%)
TICKER: GOOG (NASDAQ) (58%); MSFT (NASDAQ) (58%); CRM (NYSE) (57%); AMZN (NASDAQ) (54%)
INDUSTRY: NAICS511210 SOFTWARE PUBLISHERS (58%); SIC7372 PREPACKAGED SOFTWARE (58%); SIC5961 CATALOG & MAIL-ORDER HOUSES (54%); NAICS519130 INTERNET PUBLISHING & BROADCASTING & WEB SEARCH PORTALS (58%)
GEOGRAPHIC: NEW YORK, USA (91%) UNITED STATES (91%)
LOAD-DATE: May 25, 2008
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH
GRAPHIC: PHOTO: Stevie Clifton, left, a co-founder of Animoto, in its New York office. It worked with a cloud services firm to meet a leap in interest in its customized videos.(PHOTOGRAPH BY OZIER MUHAMMAD/THE NEW YORK TIMES)
PUBLICATION-TYPE: Newspaper

Copyright 2008 The New York Times Company

742 of 1231 DOCUMENTS

The New York Times
May 25, 2008 Sunday

Late Edition - Final

High-Tech Devices Keep The Elderly Safe From Afar
BYLINE: By ELIZABETH OLSON
SECTION: Section A; Column 0; National Desk; Pg. 18
LENGTH: 1411 words
First thing every morning, Lynn Pitet, of Cody, Wyo., checks her computer to see whether her mother, Helen Trost, has gotten out of bed, taken her medication and whether she is moving around inside her house hundreds of miles away in Minnesota.

Last summer, Mrs. Trost's husband had a stroke and died, but she wanted to stay in the house, in Mankato, where she had lived for 36 years. She did not want a live-in helper, and she cannot drive. At 88, Mrs. Trost has macular degeneration and takes medications for seizures, memory loss and restless leg syndrome.

''She's a feisty gal,'' Mrs. Pitet said of her mother. ''She is fine when she takes her medicines, but, even so, I was terrified of leaving her alone.''

Mrs. Pitet and her sister decided to become part of a small but growing number of people who have installed motion sensors and a remote monitoring system to keep aging relatives safe. Sensors attached to the wall are able to register when Mrs. Trost gets out of bed and whether she stops at her medication dispenser, and to alert her daughters to any deviations from her routine that might indicate an accident or illness. The family is updated by electronic report every morning.

Monitoring systems like these, which go far beyond the emergency response buttons that have been around for years, are not found in many homes yet. Privacy is an issue for some older people, and the basic package can range from $50 up to $85 a month for the motion sensors and remote monitoring system like Mrs. Trost uses. More comprehensive packages can include devices to track blood pressure, weight or respiration.

Experts on aging say the systems will become commonplace as the 76 million baby boomers approach ages when disabilities or conditions like diabetes and failing eyesight jeopardize the ability to live independently. The population of those 65 years and older is almost 40 million today, and the federal Census Bureau says that will more than double, to nearly 87 million, by midcentury.

Right now, there is little federal health care reimbursement for such devices. And private insurance coverage is evolving because the area is new, said Dr. Jeremy Nobel, a professor at the Harvard School of Public Health who co-wrote a study on the feasibility of such technologies. ''We are at the beginning stages regarding the availability of such services and before business models are developed,'' said Dr. Nobel, a medical doctor. ''I expect we'll see a significant increase in the adoption of such systems in two to five years, and widespread adoption in 10 years.''

The coming wave of aging Americans threatens to swamp the existing stock of retirement communities, assisted living and nursing home facilities -- making it impossible to accommodate everyone who will need, or might want, more structured care.

Experts on aging say motion sensors and other high-tech devices will help cover the shortfall, allowing older people to live independently for longer.

The growing number of Alzheimer's sufferers, which is expected to more than triple from the current four million by 2050, may also spur wider adoption of technologies like motion sensors to alert others to deviations in routine, trackers to assure medications are taken and emergency response buttons.

Technology systems to underpin living independently, or what some call ''aging in place,'' are still years from being rolled out in a big way, awaiting adequate financing for research and other incentives, like coverage by insurance companies, according to Mr. Nobel's study, which was released in March by the Center for Aging Services Technologies, a program of the American Association of Homes and Services for the Aging.

But projects are under way around the country to test high-tech gadgets for home use, including wireless sensors and devices to regulate temperature, lights and appliances, and sophisticated medical monitors. And some care providers have begun to equip clients with devices that fit their needs.

NewCourtland Elder Services, a care provider for some 2,000 people in Philadelphia, started a yearlong pilot in 2006 that equipped 33 patients living on their own with remote sensors that tracked changes in their health or living patterns that required early medical intervention, said Kim Brooks, the vice president for housing and services at NewCourtland.

One of the patients is Cleora Coley, 77, a retired pharmacy technician, who is in a wheelchair after losing a leg to diabetes. Two years ago, Ms. Coley moved to a living complex for the elderly because she could not maneuver the stairs in her family home.

In her apartment, she checks her blood pressure with a cuff that automatically sends the reading to a monitoring center, which notifies her and her doctor of any change. Sensors placed in each room keep track of her movements, and she has a button to summon assistance, which she used in April when she fell.

''I'm alone but I know I'm not all by myself,'' Mrs. Coley said, adding, ''And I really like my independence.''

NewCourtland is starting a trial in cooperation with health insurance companies and home health agencies, installing medical monitoring devices in 1,000 residences over the next six months.

One major roadblock for wider adoption of in-home monitoring has been concern that older people, unused to everyday technologies like the Internet, would resist their use. That was true for Mrs. Trost, who said she was apprehensive about having electronic gadgets around but said she had found that ''they are really no bother.'' A survey by AARP found that older people were willing to use high-tech devices at home, and to pay about $50 a month.

The privacy issue made John T. Fowlkes, 86, of Raleigh, N.C., hesitate last year when his children wanted to install a motion sensor system.

''What convinced me was that there are no cameras,'' said Mr. Fowlkes, a retired postal service distribution clerk who lives by himself in an apartment building for retired people. ''I get peace of mind, but no one is looking at me.''

Some exploration into future technologies is being financed by the National Institute on Aging, part of the National Institutes of Health, which has been giving grants to entrepreneurs to develop devices like a video data collection system to analyze an elderly person's activity level.

But most research dollars have come from private companies like Intel Corporation.

Intel researchers are developing devices like a ''memory bracelet'' that vibrates at a specified time to remind the wearer of a doctor's appointment or to take medication. Also in trials are sensor-infused carpets -- Eric Dishman, Intel's director of product research, calls them ''magic carpets'' -- and wearable sensors, which would measure changes in gait, to help avoid falls.

Intel invested $3 million with the Oregon Center for Aging and Technology, which runs what it calls a living laboratory, with 225 volunteers. The project, which also received $7 million from the federal aging institute, uses sensors on walls, doorways and appliances -- and computer games -- to detect cognitive decline.

''There is going to be a major transformation in health care because of these technologies,'' said Dr. Jeffrey Kaye, director of the center, at the Oregon Health and Science University in Portland, who oversees the project. ''It's more a question of when rather than whether.''

Recognizing the commercial potential of technologies for the aging, dozens of companies, including GE Healthcare, IBM and Medtronic, two years ago formed the Continua Health Alliance to develop products to aid older people. Despite the projects, trials and commercial interest, Mr. Dishman said the United States was ''missing in action'' in aging technologies, compared with Europe.

''There just hasn't been enough research and development yet to prove these technologies work,'' he said. ''None of us wants to put a bunch of technology in homes of frail elders unless it does.''

He said the European Union had committed $1.5 billion to developing independent-living technologies.

Last year, Intel partnered with Ireland's government to open the Technology Research for Independent Living Center, known as Tril, in Dublin, to invent and test independent-living technologies in the households of hundreds of older people.

So far, he said, a dozen other countries and 30 universities have approached Tril for advice and assistance.

URL: http://www.nytimes.com
SUBJECT: HOME SECURITY (89%); AGING (89%); DISEASES & DISORDERS (78%); PHARMACEUTICALS PACKAGING (78%); NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS (77%); EYE DISORDERS (75%); NURSING HOMES (74%); AGING TRENDS (72%); RETIREMENT & RETIREES (72%); CENSUS (68%); BABY BOOMERS (67%); HEALTH CARE (65%); LONG TERM HEALTH CARE (65%); MEDICAL EDUCATION (63%); PHYSICIANS & SURGEONS (62%); SLEEP DISORDERS (55%); DIABETES (50%)
GEOGRAPHIC: WYOMING, USA (90%); MINNESOTA, USA (88%) UNITED STATES (90%)
LOAD-DATE: May 25, 2008
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH
GRAPHIC: PHOTO: Helen Trost, 88, in her home in Mankato, Minn., where a monitoring system helps her live alone. (PHOTOGRAPH BY BEN GARVIN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES)
PUBLICATION-TYPE: Newspaper

Copyright 2008 The New York Times Company

743 of 1231 DOCUMENTS

The New York Times
May 25, 2008 Sunday

Late Edition - Final

BEST SELLERS: ADVICE, HOW TO AND MISCELLANEOUS: Sunday, May 25th 2008
SECTION: Section 7; Column 0; Book Review Desk; Pg. 21
LENGTH: 420 words
Rankings reflect sales, for the week ended May 10, at many thousands of venues where a wide range of general interest books are sold nationwide. These include hundreds of independent book retailers (statistically weighted to represent all such outlets); national, regional and local chains; online and multimedia entertainment retailers; university, gift, supermarket, discount and department stores; and newsstands. An asterisk (*) indicates that a book's sales are barely distinguishable from those of the book above. A dagger (†) indicates that some bookstores report receiving bulk orders. Among those categories not actively tracked are: perennial sellers; required classroom reading; text, reference and test preparation guides; journals and workbooks; calorie counters; shopping guides; comics; and crossword puzzles. Expanded rankings are available on the Web: nytimes.com/books.

	Weeks
This	On
Week	List	BEST SELLERS: ADVICE, HOW TO AND MISCELLANEOUS
1	5	THE LAST LECTURE, by Randy Pausch with Jeffrey Zaslow. (Hyperion, $21.95.) After learning he has terminal cancer, a Carnegie Mellon professor shares his thoughts on the importance of ''seizing every moment.''
2	4	JUST WHO WILL YOU BE?, by Maria Shriver. (Hyperion, $14.95.) Shriver's message: ''What you do in your life isn't what matters. It's who you are.''
3	70	THE SECRET, by Rhonda Byrne. (Atria/Beyond Words, $23.95.) The law of attraction as a key to getting what you want.
4	2	THE ONE MINUTE ENTREPRENEUR, BY KEN BLANCHARD, Don Hutson and Ethan Willis. (Currency/Doubleday, $19.95.) A fictional parable incorporating real-life advice on how to start a business. (†)
5	2	THE SOUTH BEACH DIET SUPERCHARGED, by Arthur Agatston with Joseph Signorile. (Rodale, $25.95.) A guide to faster weight loss.
6	41	YOU: THE OWNER'S MANUAL, by Michael F. Roizen and Mehmet C. Oz with Lisa Oz and Ted Spiker. (Collins/HarperCollins, $26.95.) An updated and expanded edition of the health guide.
7	1	DEBT CURES ''THEY'' DON'T WANT YOU TO KNOW ABOUT, by Kevin Trudeau. (Equity, $25.95.) How the credit industry is rigged against you, and how to fight back by changing your financial habits. (†)
8	2	YUM-O!, by Rachael Ray. (Clarkson Potter, $22.50.) A cookbook for children and parents.
9	4	GEORGIA COOKING IN AN OKLAHOMA KITCHEN, by Trisha Yearwood. (Clarkson Potter, $29.95.) Fried chicken, stuffed pork chops and other family recipes from the country music singer.
10	24	THE 4-HOUR WORKWEEK, by Timothy Ferriss. (Crown, $19.95.) Reconstructing your life so that it's not all about work.