Buyuk britaniya

2-DARS

Batafsil tarkibni olish uchun matnni o'qing va tarjima qiling.

BUYUK BRITANIYA

Buyuk Britaniya va Shimoliy Irlandiya Birlashgan Qirolligi joylashgan

Britaniya orollarida. Britaniya orollari Buyuk Britaniyaning ikkita katta orollaridan iborat

va Irlandiya va besh mingga yaqin kichik orollar. Ularning umumiy maydoni tugadi

244000 kvadrat kilometr. Buyuk Britaniya to'rt mamlakatdan iborat: Angliya, Uels, Shotlandiya va Shimoliy Irlandiya. Ularning poytaxtlari mos ravishda London, Kardiff, Edinburg va Belfast. Buyuk Britaniya Angliya, Shotlandiya, Uelsdan iborat va Shimoliy Irlandiyani o'z ichiga olmaydi. Ammo kundalik nutqda "Buyuk Britaniya" Buyuk Britaniya degan ma'noni anglatadi. Buyuk Britaniyaning poytaxti London. Britaniya orollari qit'adan Shimoliy dengiz va La-Mansh bilan ajralib turadi. Buyuk Britaniyaning g'arbiy sohillari Atlantika tomonidan yuviladi

Okean va Irlandiya dengizi.

Shekspir Britaniyani "kumush dengizga o'rnatilgan qimmatbaho tosh" deb atadi, chunki

uning tabiiy go'zalligi. Unda tog'larni topishingiz mumkin bo'lgan turli xil qishloq joylari mavjud,

tekisliklar, vodiylar va qumli plyajlar. Shotlandiyadagi Ben Nevis eng baland tog'dir,

lekin uning balandligi atigi 1343 metrni tashkil qiladi.

Buyuk Britaniyada daryolar juda ko'p, ammo ular unchalik uzoq emas. The

Severn eng uzun daryo, Temza esa eng chuqur va eng muhim daryo

bitta. Tog'lar, Atlantika okeani va Gulf Streamning iliq suvlari

Britaniya orollari iqlimiga ta'sir qiladi. Bu butun yil davomida yumshoq. The

Inglizlar tez-tez aytadilar: "Boshqa mamlakatlarda iqlim bor; Angliyada bizda ob-havo bor".

Britaniyada ob-havo juda o'zgaruvchan. Yaxshi tong ho'lga aylanishi mumkin

tushdan keyin va kechqurun. Va yomon tong yaxshi tushdan keyin o'zgarishi mumkin.

Shuning uchun ham inglizlar taqqoslashdan "kabi o'zgaruvchan" foydalanishlari tabiiy

ob-havo "tez-tez kayfiyatini yoki biror narsa haqidagi fikrini o'zgartiradigan odamning.

Inglizlar, shuningdek, ob-havoning uchta varianti borligini aytishadi: yomg'ir yog'ganda

ertalab, tushdan keyin yomg'ir yog'ganda yoki kun bo'yi yomg'ir yog'ganda.

Buyuk Britaniya dunyoning eng kichik mamlakatlaridan biridir. Uning aholisi tugadi

60 million. Aholining taxminan 80% shaharlarda yashaydi. Buyuk Britaniya yuqori darajada rivojlangan sanoat mamlakati. U dunyodagi eng yirik mashinasozlik, elektronika, to'qimachilik, samolyot va navigatsiya uskunalarini ishlab chiqaruvchi va eksport qiluvchi mamlakatlardan biri sifatida tanilgan. Mamlakatning asosiy sanoat tarmoqlaridan biri

kemasozlik. Buyuk Britaniya konstitutsiyaviy monarxiya. Qonunda davlat rahbari

Qirolicha. Ammo amalda qirolicha hukmronlik qiladi, ammo hukmronlik qilmaydi. Mamlakat boshqariladi

boshida Bosh vazir bo'lgan saylangan hukumat tomonidan. Inglizlar

Parlament ikki palatadan iborat: Lordlar palatasi va Palatadan

Umumiy. Buyuk Britaniyada uchta asosiy siyosiy partiya mavjud: Leyboristlar,

konservativ va liberal partiyalar.

For self-examination

I. Answer the questions:

1. The UK is an island country, right? Where is it?

The United Kingdom is a country of islands. It includes 4 states.

2. From which countries is the UK made? What are their capitals?

The UK consists of four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Their capitals are London, Cardiff, Edinburgh and Belfast, respectively.

3. Which channel separates the British Isles from the European continent?

The British Isles are separated from the mainland by the North Sea and the English Channel. The west coast of the UK is washed by the Atlantic

4. What is the highest mountain in the British Isles?

Ben Nevis is the highest mountain in Scotland,

but its height is only 1343 meters.

5. Are there many long and deep rivers in the UK? What are they?

There are many rivers in the UK, but they are not that long. The

The Severn is the longest river, and the Thames the deepest and most important river

one.

6. What is the climate like in the British Isles? What the British say

their weather?

The weather in Britain is very changeable. A good morning can turn wet

afternoon and evening. And a bad morning can change into a good afternoon.

7. What is the population of the UK?

The UK is one of the smallest countries in the world. Its population is over

60 million.

8. What does the UK produce and export?

The UK is a highly developed industrial country. It is known as one of the world’s largest manufacturers and exporters of machinery, electronics, textiles, aircraft and navigation equipment.

9. The British constitutional monarchy. What does this mean?

The UK is a constitutional monarchy. The head of state in law

The Queen. In practice, however, the queen rules, but does not rule. The country is governed