Independent work subject: English speaking countries Artist: Dadajonov Davronbek Teacher: Umidakhon Tursunova

INDEPENDENT WORK
Subject: English speaking countries

Artist: Dadajonov Davronbek
Teacher: Umidakhon Tursunova

Tashkent 2022
United Kingdom
T he United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (Great Britain or Great Britain), is a sovereign country located off the northwest coast of the European mainland. The United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, the northeastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland shares a land border with the Republic of Ireland. The rest of the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to the east, the English Channel to the south, and the Celtic Sea to the southwest, making it the 12th longest coastline in the world. The Irish Sea separates Great Britain and Ireland. The total area of ​​the United Kingdom is 94,000 square miles (240,000 km2). The United Kingdom is a unitary parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy. The current monarch is Queen Elizabeth II, who has ruled since 1952, making her the longest-serving monarch in the world. acting head of state.[18] The capital of the United Kingdom is London, a global city and financial center with an urban population of 10.3 million. Other major cities include Birmingham, Glasgow, Leeds, Liverpool and Manchester. The United Kingdom is made up of four countries: England, Scotland and Wales. and Northern Ireland.[20] Their capitals are London, Edinburgh, the world's landmass, and it was the largest empire in history. British influence can be seen in the language, culture and political systems of many of its former colonies.
United States
The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (USA or USA) or America, is a country primarily located in central North America, between Canada and Mexico. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five large self-governing territories and various possessions. [h] With an area of ​​3.8 million square miles (9.8 million km2), it is the third or fourth largest country in the world by total area. [d] With an estimated population in 2019 of over 328 million, the US is the third most populous country in the world. The capital is Washington DC and the most populous city is New York. Paleo-Indians migrated from Siberia to the North American mainland at least 12,000 years ago,[19] and European colonization began in the 16th century. The United States emerged from thirteen British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Britain and the colonies led to the American Revolutionary War, which lasted between 1775 and 1783 and led to independence. The United States embarked on a vigorous expansion into North America throughout the 19th century, gradually acquiring new territories [displacing Native Americans and taking in new states] until 1848, when it swept the entire continent. In the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the abolition of slavery in the United States. The Spanish-American War and World War I confirmed the country's status as a world military power.
Canada
Canada is a country in the northern part of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories stretch from the Atlantic to the Pacific and north to the Arctic Ocean, covering 9.98 million square kilometers (3.85 million sq mi), making it the second largest country in the world by total area. Its southern border with the United States, at 8,891 kilometers (5,525 miles), is the world's longest binational land border. Canada's capital is Ottawa and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver. Various indigenous peoples inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years before European colonization. Beginning in the 16th century, British and French expeditions explored and then settled along the Atlantic coast. As a result of various armed conflicts, France ceded almost all of its colonies in North America in 1763. In 1867, as a result of the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal possession of four provinces.


Australia
A ustralia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia,[12] is a sovereign country comprising the Australian mainland, the island of Tasmania and many smaller islands. It is the largest country in Oceania and the sixth largest country in the world by total area. The population of 26 million[6] is highly urbanized and concentrated on the east coast[13]. The capital of Australia is Canberra, although its largest city is Sydney. Other major metropolitan areas of the country are Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth and Adelaide. Indigenous Australians inhabited the continent for about 65,000 years before the first arrival of Dutch explorers in the early 17th century, who named it New Holland.