Brief information about robotics. History of robotics Children under one year of age

Brief information about robotics. History of robotics
Children under one year of age
Various automatic devices have taken such a firm place in human life that it is almost impossible to imagine a modern civilization without them. However, the history of robotics is so long that people have learned to create different machines for almost their entire history. Of course, old cars could not be compared to modern cars, they had more similarities. However, they show that the ideas of machine creation, in particular the artificial imitation of man, can be traced back to the most ancient layers of human history.
The emergence of the word "robot"
The word was coined by the famous Karel Chapek. He first used the term in 1920 in the title of the play "Rossum Universal Robots." However, he cannot be considered the author of the word “robot”, he is only derived from the Czech robot, which means “work”. According to the author, his brother Joseph suggested the word, while Chapek himself could not decide how to name his heroes.
The plot of the Chapek game seems familiar to many: first people use their mechanical servants in various heavy jobs, then they rise up and enslave people in turn.
In the modern sense, a “robot” is a mechanical device that works according to a specific program, without the help of humans.
The concept of robotics and its laws
In 1941, Isaac Asimov’s famous laws of robotics were shaped in the story of the Liar, which was designed to regulate the behavior of these machines.

1. 
   The robot cannot harm a person or prevent this damage due to inaction.
   
2. 
   The robot is obliged to obey the man if it does not violate the first law.
   
3. 
   If the robot does not violate the first two laws, it can defend itself.
   

Later, Azimov himself and other authors created huge works on the relationship between humans and machines, starting with these laws.
Asimov introduced the concept of "robotics". The word, once used in science fiction, is now the name of a serious scientific field that deals with the development and construction of various mechanisms, process automation, and more.
Old cars
The history of robotics goes back to ancient times. Some kind of robot was invented in ancient Egypt four thousand years ago, where priests hid inside statues of gods and talked to people from there. At the same time, the hands and heads of the statues moved.
If you give freedom to the imagination, you can find links to robots, for example, in the legends of Ancient Greece. Homer also mentions the giant Talos mechanical servants created by the ancient Greek god Gefest, who made bronze to protect Crete from enemies. Plato tells the story of Archite, a scientist from Tarentum, who created an artificial pigeon that could fly.
In the 3rd century BC, Archimedes allegedly created an apparatus very reminiscent of a modern planetarium: a transparent ball moving with water, which reflected the motion of all the celestial bodies known at the time.
In the Middle Ages, people already began to create real machines that could do a lot of interesting things. Attempts to create the first humanoid machines date back to the Middle Ages.
The famous 13th-century alchemist Albert Magnus created an android that acts as a gatekeeper who knocks on doors and bows to guests (android is a robot that mimics a person's appearance and behavior). He also created a mechanism called the talking head, which can speak with a human voice.