Amea folklor institutu

ƏDƏBİYYAT

1. 
   Eldarova Ə. Azərbaycan aşıq sənəti. –Bakı: Elm, 1996.
   
2. 
   Həkimov M. Azərbaycan aşıq ədəbiyyatı. –Bakı: Yazıçı, 1983.
   
3. 
   İmamverdiyev İ. Azərbaycan aşıq ifaçılığı sənətinin səciyyəvi xüsusiyyətləri (Qərb bölgəsi üzrə). –Bakı: Şirvannəşr, 2004.
   
4. 
   Qasımlı M. Ozan-aşıq sənəti. –Bakı: Uğur, 2007.
   
5. 
   Məmmədova T. Borçalı aşıq mühiti. – Bakı: Elm, 1999.
   

Harun Chimke, Ph.D
Lecturer of Turkish and Georgian languages at the Faculty of Humanities, International Black Sea University,
Tbilisi/Georgia.
haruncimke@ibsu edu.ge
DIFFERENT SYSTEMS OF NOUN DETERMINATION IN GEORGIAN
AND TURKISH LANGUAGES

1. 
   Possessive case is one of the oldest cases in Georgian Language while in Turkish the issue of this case is a subject of a debate. The difficulty in doing so is that all other grammatical cases connect nouns to verbs except Possessive Case. Possessive Case connects only nouns to nouns and has an attributive function in general.
   
2. 
   In Turkish noun determination and possessive pronouns are taken in the context of possessive case. The system of noun definition is different in Georgian and in Turkish. In Turkish while defining the nouns three types of relativity (forms of noun definition) is being figured out: in the 1-st type of relativity subject is presented by the possessive case sign while the object is added the suffixes of possessive pronoun in relation with 3^rd person (-ı, -i, -u, -ü – in nouns whose roots contain consonants, -sı, -si, -su, -sü – in nouns with vocal sounds): საქართველოს დედაქალაქი – Gürcistan’ın başkenti (capital of Georgia)… In the I relativity of Turkish all parts are being defined, out of two nouns which form the 2^nd relativity the subject is being presented by its root while the object is being added the suffixes of possessive case: კედლის საათი – duvar saati (wall clock)... This type of constract expresses possession in general. In 3^rd relativity there are at least three nouns involved. The subject may be presented in form of a root as well as put in the possessive case, the object is being added possessive pronouns in this case as well: ბაბუაჩემის ბაბუას ბაბუა – Dedemin dedesinin dedesi (the grandfather of my grandfathers’ grandfather)…In Turkish we have forms which are added neither the marks of a subject nor of an object: Altın saat – ოქროს საათი... (Golden watch). Some researches call this `the fourth relativity`.
   
3. 
   In Georgian the attribution of noun is different than in Turkish where we have two subjects: attributive and substantive. Attributive subject is expressed by the adjective or by noun, pronoun, numerals and verbal nouns attached to an object in the form of adjective: ლამაზი გოგო, ჩვენი სახლი, სამი მეგობარი (nice girl, our house, three friends)…Substantive subject is being expressed by the noun in the possessive case (or with a word equal to it) which basically designates the substance-tools, possession-function: ხის კოვზი, ამხანაგის წიგნი (wooden spoon, friend’s book…).
   
4. 
   Differently from Turkish, in Georgian an object does not have any specific sign (except the case marks): მისი მეგობარი (his friend)…Native Georgian speakers often confuse this rule while speaking Turkish Language – he/she does not add the mark of a possessive case to the object and vice versa – Native Turkish speakers try to add the possessive marks to it. The contradictions and differences observed in the given case prove the importance of studying the attributive functions of nouns while exploring Georgian-Turkish linguistic interactions.