Alphabet Aa [ei] Nn [en] Bb [bi:] Oo [ou] Cc [si:] Pp [pi:] Dd [di:] Qq [qju:] Ee [i:] Rr [a:] Ff [ef] Ss [es] Gg [ji] Tt [ti:] Hh [eich] Uu [ju:] II [ai] VV [vi:] Jj [jei] Ww [d blju

May as well\Might as well – shunisi maqul deb tarjima qilinadi va qilishga yaxshiroq ish-harakat qolmaganda shular ichidan ma`lum birini qilish maqulroqligini ifodalashda ishlatiladi:

M-n: we shall have to wait for the bus for an hour, so we may\might as well go on foot. Biz avtobusni bir soat kutishimiz kerak bo`ladi shunish uchun piyoda ketganimiz maqul.

Should modal fe`li

Kerak deb tarjima qilinadi va faqat maslahat, tavsiyalar uchun ishlatiladi:

M-n: You should study. Sen o`qishing kerak.

Should modal fe`li quyidagi modal fe`llar bilan sinonim:

Should – kerak, shart (tavsiya, maslahat)

Had better – kerak , shart (tavsiya, maslahat)

To be supposed to – kerak , shart (tavsiya, maslahat)

Ought to – kerak , shart (tavsiya, maslahat)

Ought to – should ga qaraganda kuchliroq bo`lib, juda rasmiy nutqda kamdan kam ishlatiladi: Ougth to so`roq va inkor gaplarda yordamchi fe`lsiz ishlatiladi.

M-n: You ought to study. Sen o`qishing kerak.

Ought you to study? Sen o`qishing kerakmi?

You ought not to study. Sen o`qishing kerakmas.

Should shart ergash gapli qo`shma gaplarda if bog`lovchisi o`rniga ishlatilishi mumkin. Lekin bundan holarda fe`l subjunctive shaklda bo`ladi. Subjunctive shakl deb – fe`lning to siz shakliga aytiladi.

M-n: If he comes, I shall play with him. Agar u kelsa, men u bilan o`ynayman.

Should he come, I shall play with him. Agar u kelsa, men u bilan o`ynayman.

Ayrim paytlarda If bog`lovchisini bilan birgalikda ishlatilishi mumkin. Lekin bu paytda ish-harakatni amalgam oshish ehtimolligi juda kam bo`ladi:

M-n: If he should come, I shall play with him. Agar u kelsa, men u bilan o`ynayman.

Should modal fe`lini biz quyidagi sifatlar bilan quyidagicha ishlatishimiz mumkin:

Funny - kulguli

It is essential + that + ega + should + do + …

Strange – g`alati

Important – muhim

Desirable – istaladigan

Impossible – iloji yo`q

Surprise – hayratlanarli

Better – yaxshiroq

Odd – g`alati

Natural – tabiiy

Interesting – qiziqarli

Typical – g`alati

M-n: It is important that he should return home. U uyga kelishi kerak.

It is important that he return home.

YOKI

It is important for him to return home. U uyga kelishi kerak.

Quyidagi fe`llar bilan ham should modal fe`li ishlatiladi:

Ega + suggest (taklif qilmoq)+ that + ega + should + do + …

Propose (taklif qilmoq)

Recommend (tavsiya qilmoq)

Insist (talab qilmoq)

Demand (talab qilmoq)

M-n: They suggest that we should go there.

Agar should modal feli tushirilsa ham, undan keyin turgan fe`l birinchi shaklda bo`ladi.

They suggest that we go there.

Yuqoridagi fe`llardan insist fe`li on predlogi bilan birikib kelishi mumkin. Agar on predlogi bilan birikib kelsa should tushuriladi va fe`l gerund shaklda ishlatiladi:

They insisted that we should got there.

They insisted on our going there.

Bundan tashqari yuqoridagi fe`llarni biz quyidagi qurilma bilan ham ishlatishimiz mumkin.

M-n: They insisted\suggested\proposed\recommended\demanded that we went there.

Should biror narsani xato ekanligini aytishda ham ishlatiladi:

M-n: The price on this pocket is wrong. It says 3 but It should be 2. Bu paketdagi narx xato. U 3 deyilgan lekin 2 bo`lishi kerak.

…Should\ought to + perfective (have done) bu qurilma faqat o`tgan zamon uchun ishlatiladi va biror shaxs ma`lum bir ish-harakatni qilishi kerak eda lekin qilmaganligini ifodalaydi.

M-n: You should\ought to have rung me up yesterday but you didn`t. Sen kecha menga qo`ng`iroq qilishing kerak edi lekin qilmading.

Yuqoridagi ma`noni to be supposed to ni was\were supposed to tarzida to be fe`lini o`tgan zamonda ochish orqali ham ifodalashimiz mumkin.

M-n: You were supposed to ringme up yesterday but you didn`t. Sen kecha menga qo`ng`iroq qilishing kerak edi lekin qilmading.