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Non - count Abtract nouns Count – abstract nouns
Action – chora Action – faoliyat
Work – ish Work – asar
Decision – qatiyat, jasorat. Decision – qattiy qaror
Silence – jimjitlik Silence – tanaffuz
Kindness – ezgulik, yaxshilik Kindness – sabob ish
Experience – tajriba Experience –ko`rgan kechirganlar
Favour – muruvvat, marhamat Favour – xizmat
Failure – qulash, barbodlik Failure – omadsiz ish
Society – jamiyat Society – to`garak, uyushma
Nature – tabiat Nature – xulq atvor
Grammar – grammatika Grammar – Grammatik qo`llanma
Observation – mushohada, kuzatuv Observation – fikr, tanbeh, mulahaza.
*Quyidagi mavhum otlar bir paytning o`zida ham sanaladigan, ham sanalmaydigan otlar hisoblanadi.
Difficult – qiyinchilik Chance – imkoniyat
Trouble – tashvish Language – til
Temptation – vasvasa, ig`vo War – urush
Torture – qiynoq, azob Reason – sabab,
Profit – foyda change – mayday pul
*Bizga ma`lumki, sanab bo`lmaydigan otlar a; an noaniq artiql bilan ishlatilmaydi lekin quyidagi otlar istisno tariqasida ishlatiladi.
Pleasure – rohat Pity – afsus, nadomat
Disappointment – hafsalsi pir bo`lish Comfort – orom, ruhiy madad, qulaylik
Relief – yengillik shame – uyat, or-nomus,
Disgrace – ayb, isnod
*Sanab bo`lmaydigan otlarni of predlog`i yordamida o`lchab, miqdorlab sanab bo`ladigan otlarga aylantirishimiz mumkin.
A piece of cake – bir bo`lak to`rt a bar of copper – bir misqol mis
A piece of cheese– bir bo`lak sir a bar of candy – bir plitka konfet
A slice of bread – bir bo`lak non a sheet of paper – bir varaq qog`oz
A slice of cake – bir bo`lak to`rt a sheet of ice – bir parche muz
A slice of meat – bir bo`lak go`sht a blade of grass – bir qism o`t
An amount of leisure – biroz bo`sh vaqt a blade of wheat – bir qism bug`doy
Five pounds of sugar – 5 kg shaker a lump of coal – bir bo`lak ko`mir
A bottle of milk – bir shisha sut a lump of shugar – bir bo`lak qand
A yard of cloth – 1 mert mato a bowl of rice – bir kosa guruch
A bar of chocolate – bir plitke shokolad a game of tennis – bir partiya tennis
A glass of water – bir stakan suv a glass of whisky – bir stakan viski
A piece of music – bir parcha musiqa a piece of advice – biroz maslahat
A cup of coffee – bir choshka kofe a cup of tea – bir choshka choy
A can of oil – bir bidon yog` a grain of rice – bir dona guruch
A grain of barely – bir dona urug` a grain of wheat – bir dona bug`doy
M-n: Cake is delicious. Two pieces of cake are delicious.
*Bizga malumki, uyushiq otlar har doim birlik shaklda ishlatiladi. Lekin shunday uyushiq otlar borki, ular ko`plikda ishlatiladi.
*Quyidagi uyushiq otlar birlikdagi fe`lni talab qiladi:
Band – guruh(musiqachilar) brigade – brigade
Congress – congress (bir\ko`p.) , (siyosiy) organization – tashkilot
*Family – oila choir – xo`r, to`da
Clan – urug`, jamoa patrol – patrol
Congregation – yig`ilish (diniy) *majority – ko`pchilik
Orchestra – orkestr Club – qlub
minority – ozchilik. Troop – qo`shin, lashkar
Tribe – qabila youth – yoshlik [unc].
Youth – yosh yigit [c] jinoiy to`da azosi
*Agar majority oti gapda alohida o`zi ishlatilsa, fe`limiz birlikda ishlatiladi:
M-n: The majority is at lesson. Ko`pchilik darsda.
Agar majority otidan keyin ko`plikdagi ot ishlatilsa majority ko`plikdagi fe`l bilan ishlatiladi.
M-n: The majority of the students are at lesson. Talabalarning ko`pchiligi darsda.
Quyidagi uyushiq otlar har doim ko`plikdagi fe`lni talab qiladi:
Cattle – qoramol, chorva class – talabalar guruhi audience – tomashabin
People – odamlar enemy – dushman Vermin – porazid
team – jamoa company – kompaniya arms – qurol -aslaha
Staff – shtab jury – hakam union – birlashma
Committee – qomitet clergy – ruhoniy crowd – to`da, olomon
Poultry – parranda government – hukumat police – politsiya
Sport komandalarining nomlari o`zidan keyin doim ko`plikdagi otni talab qiladi.
M-n: “Paxtakor” are playing against neftchi.
Hayvonlarni va hashoratlarni ham to`da, galaga ajratishimiz mumkin. Quyidagicha ajratiladi:
A herd of cattle – qora molar to`dasi a swam of flies – pashshalar galasi
A herd of sheep – qo`ylar to`dasi a pack of dogs – itlar to`dasi
A herd of goats – echkilar to`dasi a school of fish – baliqlar galasi
A flock of birds – qushlar galasi a pride of lion – arslan podasi
A flock of sheep – qo`ylar galasi a team of athletes – yengil atletkachlar j.
A flock of chicken – jo`jalar galasi a pile of rubbish – musur uyumi
A hive of bees – asal arilar to`dasi a crowd of people – odamlar to`dasi
A covey of quail – bedana galasi a bunch of flowers – bir buket gul
A swam of ants – chumolilar galasi
A swam of bees – arilar galasi (qovoq)
Quyidagi otlar birlikda ham, ko`plikda ham bir xil shaklga ega otlar hisoblanadi:
Barracks – qazarma deer – bug`u
Fish – baliq means – uslub, usul
Sheep – qo`y works – zavod
Swine – cho`chqa elephant – fil
Duck – o`rdak pine – cho`chqa
Oak – eman daraxti wheat - bug`doy
Bacteria – baqteriya rye – qora non
Quail – bedana cattle – qora mol
Bazi otlar borki, ular ko`rinishi jihatdan ko`plikdagi otlarga o`xshaydi lekin sanab bo`lmaydigan ot hisoblanadi shuning uchun har doim birlikda ishlatiladi:
Chess – shaxmat metropolis – katta shahar
Mathematics – matematika news – yangilik
Mumps – tepki tennis – tennis
Statistics – statistika Measles – qizamiq
Economics – iqtisod
Quyidagi otlar juft otlar hisoblanadi va ulardan keyin fe`l har doim ko`plik shaklda bo`ladi:
Binoculars – binoql pajamas – pajama tights – chulki, qalg`otki
Pants – shim scissors – qaychi trousers – shim, (yigit)
Jeans – jensi pliers – gupsi Glasses – ochki
tongs – qisqich, ombur Scales – tarozi tweezers - pinset
Shorts – kalta shim compasses – qo`mps, sirqul
Yuqoridagi juft otlarni biz birlikda ham ishlatishimiz mukin lekin bu paytda
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