Alphabet Aa [ei] Nn [en] Bb [bi:] Oo [ou] Cc [si:] Pp [pi:] Dd [di:] Qq [qju:] Ee [i:] Rr [a:] Ff [ef] Ss [es] Gg [ji] Tt [ti:] Hh [eich] Uu [ju:] II [ai] VV [vi:] Jj [jei] Ww [d blju

-ing bilan yasalgan otlar: dancing; smoking; shopping; learning…

Learning is useful – o`rganish foydali.

Ma`lumki mavhum otlar sanab bo`lmaydigan ot hisoblanadi lekin quyidagi mavhum otlar sanab bo`ladigan ot hisoblanadi.
Count Abstract nouns

Sanab bo`ladigan mavhum otlar

Hindrance – halaqit question – savol idea – fikr

Invention – kashfiyot reply – javob job – ish

Nuisance – kulfat sentence – gap visit – tashrif

Rest – dam appitite – ishtaha word – so`z

Scheme – sxema,plan answer – javob cloud – bulut

Taboo – taqiq belief – ishonch opportunity – imkoniyat

Lie – yolg`on conclusion – xulosa vocation – tatil

Mistake – xato doubt – shubxa view – manzara

Opinion – fikr effort – kuch, harakat holiday – tatil

Plan – reja fact – dalil Promise – vada

Principle – tamoil government – hukumat

Yuqoridagi otlar birlikda ham, ko`plikda ham ishlatilishi mumkin va u bilan keladigan fe`llar egaga qarab birlikda yoki ko`plikda kelishi mumkin.

M-n: Cloud is sailing. Clouds are sailing.

Non – count Abstract nouns

Sanab bo`lmaydigan mavhum otlar.

Anger – qahr, g`azab grace – rahmdillik jealousy – rash

Beauty – chiroy pride – mag`rurlik love – sevgi

Curiosity – qiziquvchanlik respect – hurmat modesty – kamtarlik

Excitement – hayajon happiness – baxt violence – zo`rlash

Freedom – ozodlik impatience – sabrsizlik *hair - soch

Work – ish help – yordam soap – sovun

Strength – kuch patience – sabr information – ma`lumot

* time – vaqt sand – qum air – havo

* advertising – reklama food – oziq – ovqat meat – go`sht

Homework – uyga vazifa accomadation - boshpana money – pul

1. Time so`zi vaqt ma`nosini ifodalasa, sanab bo`lmaydigan ot hisoblanadi.

M-n: Much time is necessary for this work. Bu ish uchun ko`p ish kerak

Agar Time so`zi marta ma`nosini ifodalasa, sanab bo`ladigan ot hisoblanadi va bu vaqtda Times tarzida ishlatiladi.

I have done this work three times. Men bu ishni uch marta qildim.

2. Advertising (reklama) sanab bo`lmaydigan ot lekin advertisement (reklama) sanab bo`ladigan ot.

I have much advertising. Menda ko`p reklama bor.

I have many advertisements. Menda ko`p rekalma bor.