600 mark on wts, 45 a b c egg sc mkr, 379

765, 1964

Harrison see McNally & Harrison

Hass, Jacob, 2216

Hatch, G C, 481

Hedicke, M, agent, 81

Heller's, Balduin Söehne, 318

Henry, S, 263, 271, 276, 282

Herbert, G, 549

Herbert & Sons, 1725

Hiscock, W, 483–484, 509, 511, 1255, 1257

Hooper, H, 2, 19

Horn & Albracht, 510, 622

Hotson, J H, 705

Hughes, J see patentee, British, Salter, T B & Hughes, J

Hughes, J R, 549

Hughes, John, 516, 549

Hulls & Bradford, 268, 276, 313, 394, 1309

Hunt, J, 380

Hutchinson's Scale Co, 2192

Hynes, M see patentee, British, Blacklock & Hynes

Jackson, C see Pearce, L H & Jackson, C

James, W H, 2300

Jiffy-Way, 378

Joksch, R, 678

Juris, F, 705, 706

Krausse, K L, 624

Lake, W R, agent, 510

Langhorn see Mordan & Langhorn

Laughlin, 411

Laughton, G, 482, 1021

Leni, C, 1931

Lundberg, G, 595

Mackenzie, J, 484

Mahloy, 679

McGiehan, I S, 621–622

Mees, A B, 651

Merlin, Charles, 721

Mordan & Langhorn, 652

Moul, H E, 679

Murray, T S, 678

Nadal, J, 511

Paddock, H, 110

Parker see Thomas & Parker

Parker, C C & S B, 510

Pauly, Jean Samuel, 1902–1903

Peijus, A H, 377, 384

Peppe, G T, 427

Pieper, C, 517

Pooley, Henry, 727, 2212

Poupard, Frederick A & Co, 1330

Poupard, Thomas James, 1330

Poupard, William, 1330

Quintenz, A, 227, 722

Ragg, A E, 481, 538, 540, 753, 1253, 1361

Ratcliff, J & E, 1227

Reiss, R W, 275–276, 992

Roebuck, John, 692

Rolle, 888

Rowe, A G, 707

Rueprecht, A, 718

Ruhland, R, 678

Rulke, C, 708

Rys, V, 679

Salmon, Robert, 692

Salter, G & Foley, J S, 549

Salter, Geo & Co Ltd, 549, 1984

Salter, Geo & Co Ltd & Bache, E W, 549

Salter, Geo & Co Ltd & Hughes, J, 549

Salter, Geo & Co Ltd & Wyatt, F, 549

Salter, George I, 515, 549, 1508

Salter, George II, 516, 549

Salter, T B, 545, 549

Salter, T B & Hughes, J, 549

Saltinstall-Taylor, T & H, 650

Sartorius, Erich, 836

Savoure, J P, 276, 400

Schneckenberger, E, 704–705

Schopper, L, 80

Schwilgué, J-B, 888

Sharkey, P H, 111, 312

Siebe, Augustus, 66, 1882, 1886, 1902

Silvester, John, 515, 549

Silvester, Thomas, 515, 549

Slotosch, M, 298, 680

Smith, A, 427–428

Smith, F H, 566

Snell, S, 567, 568

Spinks see Clarke & Spinks

Starratt & Masters, 666

Staudenmaier, C, 396, 652

Suffield, S W, 566–568, 1030, 2937–2939

Sydney, S, 276

Thiele, F A, 825

Thomas, Geo & Co Ltd, 1103

Thomas & Parker, 376–377

Timson, W see patentee, British, Avery & Timson

Tozer, W, 537, 549

Treff, K, 307

Triner, J M, 651

Ubrig, Emil, 517, 623

Ward, T H, 1931

Watkins & Fidler, 565–566

Watson, R, 539–540

Webster, J, 425, 547, 549

Wedderburn, 275–276, 621–622

Weekes, T, 2216

Weerasinghe & Banks, 704

Weintraud & Co Ges, 707

Wertheim, P, 705, 706

Whitmore, William, 692, 1508

Wight, 396, 481

Willis, 398–399, 1223, 2600

Winfield, Robert Walter, 404

Wyatt, John, 2211–2212

Wyatt F see patentee, British, Salter, Geo & Co Ltd & Wyatt, F

Canadian, Maul, Philipp Jakob, 361

French

Albinet, Jean & Audouin, Jean, 1370, 1408

Armand, P, 426

Audouin, Jean see patentee, French, Albinet, Jean & Audouin, Jean

Béranger, Joseph & Maag, 1664, 2602

Bergman & Slack, 1932

Bernstein, Aaron David, 1950

Briais, N E, 446, 1370, 1375, 1403–1404, 1535, 1904

Briais, Victor, 1370, 1403

Burdet see Thiebaud, A & Burdet

Dupas see Michalet, E M & Dupas, H G

Fauvel, Louis Alexandre, 1370, 1375

Fayard, Jean Joseph, 888

Frey, Gustave, 1370, 1400

Gilfillan, Essington Nuell, 1370, 1407

Gnutchel, M, 1370, 1409

Guerin, Rene, 1370, 1374

Hall, Nathaniel Richard, 1370, 1402

Hanin, 1867

Laborde, Denise Lucile, 1370, 1372

Maag see Béranger & Maag

Manchet, Jules Auxene, 1370, 1376

Merlin, Charles, 721

Michalet, E M & Dupas, H G, 1370, 1401, 1907

Monchicourt, Desire Valentine, 1370, 1399

Quintenz, F A, 721

Read, Robert Hamilton, 1370, 1408

Restorf, G, 1370, 1406

Ruhland, M, 1370, 1409

Schwilgue, J-B, 888

Susse, Michel Victor, 1370, 1373

Telesnitsky, Vsevolod, 1370, 1410

Thiebaud, A & Burdet, 1370, 1401

Valette fils, 1370, 1374

Weber, Jules Henri, 1370, 1405

German

Automat, 1631–1632

Béranger, Joseph, 2602

Bernstein, Aaron David, 1179, 1950

Bernstein, Alex, 66, 1950

Bernstein, Alex & Co, 842

Hahn, George, 1629–1630

Hartner, G, 1707

Heller's, Balduin Söehne, 317

Keppeler, J A, 2322

Koch, Ferdinand & Carl, 1917–1923

Maul, Philipp Jakob, 1620–1621, 1633–1634, 1655, 1657–1658, 1660

Pfanzeder, Georg, 2602

Pfitzer Bros, 2602

Quintenz, F A, 722, 887

Reitze, August, 1177–1181, 2275

Rueprecht, 718

Sartorius, Erich, 836

Staub, 1073, 1790

Netherlands, Case, Cesar, 1879

Prussian

Bernstein, Aaron, 1179

Reitze, August, 1179

Spanish, Treff, Kelman, 307

Swiss, Gros, Henri, 387

"Patently Interesting (N R Hall)" (article by Crawforth), 198–199

patents

analysis, 1368

German Law of (1877), 2278

US Commissioner of, 2819

use for research, 2890

Patents Office

American, 1113–1115, 2096, 2819

dates, 1113

Paterson, Carol, biography, 2709

patina, 251, 1209, 1232, 1238

patination, black, 1205

Pattison, William, sc mkr, 3089

Paul, Moses

apprentice of Rubidge, James, 1737

dates, 1737

possibly succeeded by Paul, Thomas (line wrongly drawn), 1737

Paul, Robert W

precision bal mkr, 1822

retailer of magnetic bal, 1754

scientific instrument mkr, 1822

see also catalogue

Paul, Thomas

dates, 1737

possible successor of Paul, Moses (line wrongly drawn), 1737

Pauly, Jean Samuel, patentee, 1902–1903, 2089

Paupier, L

C-spring mkr, 1873

tension tester mkr, 1873

pawl see Nib

pawson see Vandome, Titfords & Pawson

Payne, Benjamin Matthew

apprentice of Astill, William, 1726, 1737, 1740

branch in Birmingham, 1726, 1740

coin sc mkr, 80, 2402, 2445

dates, 1727

grain sc mkr, 80, 1727

master of Ovenden, James, 1731

master of Phillips, Samuel, 1731, 1737

master of Saunders, Charles, 1737

master of Saunders, Edward, 1737

master of Shenston, James Templar, 1737

master of Walker, Edward, 1737

partner of Astill, Susannah, 1732

partner of Ovendon, James, 1732

succeeded by Payne, George, 1740

succeeded by Payne, John, 1740

succeeded by Payne & Ovendon, 1732

successors of Astill & Payne, 1732

Payne, George

in Birmingham, 1740

dates, 1740

successor of Payne, Benjamin Matthew, 1740

Payne, John

in Birmingham, 1740

dates, 1740

successor of Payne, Benjamin Matthew, 1740

Payne, Thomas

apprentice of Hurley, Jonathan, 1733

apprentice of John, Fish, 1733

Payne & Ovendon

apothecary sc mkr, 1732

dates, 1732

Payne, Benjamin Matthew & Ovendon, James, 1732

succeeded by Ovendon, James, 1732

succeeded by Shenstone, James, 1732

successors of Payne, Benjamin Matthew, 1732

Peacock, William, sc mkr, 3090

Peacock's "Response to Bate" (article), 2333

peanut sc, spring, 544

Pearce see postal sc, retailer, Barnicott & Pearce

Pearce, George

connected with Pearce, Samuel?, 1731

in Mile End, 1742

partner of Fletcher, Mrs S, 1731

see also Fletcher & Pearce

Pearce, L H & Jackson, C, patentee, 567–568

Pearce, Samuel

in Bethnal Green, 1742

connected with Pearce, George?, 1731

dates, 1731

sc mkr, 1731

Pearl, kitchen sc, 546

pears three mark (Worcester), 1928

Peck, John

apprentice of Smith, William, 1730, 1733

dates, 1730

master of Hunt, William, 1730

master of Mattocks, Charles Meares, 1731

master of Miles, William Henry, 1733

succeeded by Webb & Skinner, 1730, 1746

Peck, Stow & Wilcox

American sc mkr, 1555, 1808, 2412

P S & W, 1808

spring bal mkr, 1555

steelyard mkr, 1808

peck loaf, 1058

peck measure, American, 1137, 1139

peck scoop, 1461, 1546

Pee Co, mark on wts, 94

peget, 1075

Pegolotti, Francesco, 2217–2219

14th C merchant, 1987–1996, 2016–2024, 2217–2219

author of Practica della Mercatura, 1987–1996, 2219

work of, 2107

Peirson, Thomas, wt mkr, 1043

Pell, Thomas

apprentice of Pollard, Thomas, 1730

dates, 1730

master of Plivey, William, 1730

Pelouze, 371, 623

American sc mkr, 1259, 1261, 1555, 1671–1674

bow-front postal, 1259, 1672

Countess trade mark, 1672

Crescent trade mark, 371, 1672

Duchess trade mark, 1672

postal sc mkr, 623, 1259, 1261

Princess trade name, 1671

registered design, 1673–1674

spring bal mkr, 623, 1259, 1555, 1671–1673, 2000

spring bal patentee, 1671–1673

spring exposed, 2000

Tiffany mechanism mkr, 2634

see also catalogue

"Pelouze Bow-front Postal Scales" (article by Laycock), 2877–2881

Pelouze Scale & Mfg Co, 2000

"Pelouze Straight Spring Balance" (article by Stein T), 2000

pen & postal sc, spring, 552, 650, 1682

pen sc, 513, 552, 565, 568, 596, 624

pencil/pen sc see Postal sc

pencil sc, postal, 446, 454, 1262–1263, 1399

pendant, def, 283

pendulous chart, patent, 1655

pendulous pointer see Pointer

pendulous sc

pendulum, 1676, 2771

see also béranger sc

pendulum & half-roberval see half-roberval & pendulum

pendulum sc, 132–133, 199, 1264, 2192, 2767–2774, 2845–2846

def, 283, 571

with added poise, 2772–2773

apothecary, 1654, 2769

asparagus, 1655

bilateral, 283, 317, 361, 753, 1260, 1629–1630, 1632–1634, 2773–2774

brake, 1408

butchers, 559

butter, 2192

with cam & cord, 2772

chemical, 559

cloth, 1168

coin, 199, 269, 541, 576, 597, 607, 990, 1684, 1850–1851, 2769

coin-operated, 1629

Columbus, 1652–1653

counter, 1318

with damper, 2770, 2772

dates, 1073

designer

Braby, James, 1911–1914

Brander, G F, 573, 605

Brequin, Col de, 608

Clais, J S, 573, 1073, 2767

Clais, Johann Sebastian, 1073, 2767

da Vinci, Leonardo, 572, 2767

de Vinci, L, 572

Hahn, Philipp Matthaus, 572, 1073, 2767

Kuhn, H, 573

Lambert, J H, 573, 2767

Ludlam, W, 572, 1073

Magalhaens, J H, 573

Rowse, 573

Staub, 1073

double, 959, 1629–1634, 1651–1653, 1659

parcel, 317–318, 1076, 1652

double ducat, 541

double fulcrum, 2845–2846, 2861–2865

ease of use, 1368

egg, 373, 379, 381, 383, 415, 417, 921–924, 1313–1316, 2769, 2771

encased, 1174, 1404

engraved, 1220

fan, 229

first used in England, 1913

fixed chart, 1650

fixed graduated arc, 2771

fixed pointer design, 1627, 2770–2771

French, 1361–1362, 1676, 2770–2771

geometric, 1223

gilt, 1220

grain, 80, 753

half roberval, 622

hinged poise, 1076

history, 2767–2769

Hungarian ducat, 228, 541

kitchen, 572, 608, 765–766, 772, 1654, 1911

mkr

A E, 641

Anscheutz & Co see Anscheutz & Schlaff

Anscheutz & Schlaff, 269, 597, 1850–1851, 2767

Arc Scale Co, 2845–2846, 2861–2865

Automat, 1260

Avery, W & T, 677, 959, 2769

Avery, W & T Ltd, 1318

Blechemballage-fabrik, 2772–2773

Braby, James, 772, 1911

Brander, G F, 573

Briais, Narcissé, 1253, 1404, 1406, 1649–1650, 1676, 2769, 2771–2772

Brower Mfg Co, 922, 924

C H S Industries Inc, 417

Casartelli, 1168

Christofle, 219–220, 1676

Cooke, J, 199

Cope & Cope Ltd, 415, 921

Dampier, 399, 1913

Deinert, P, 541

Eschemann, W & Co, 958

F L & Co, 285

Gibbs & Co, 753

Gorham, 1077, 1668, 1687

Hall, Nathaniel, 198–199, 707, 1253, 1403, 1913

Hartner, 381

Heath, J, 199

Heeley, J & Sons, 199, 456

Heller's, B & Sohne, 317–318

Hilton, 772

Horn & Albracht, 511

Houghton & Gunn, 512

Hund, G, 220, 2770

J H S see Heath, John

Jiffy-Way, 379

JMAZ see Maul, Jacob

Kahlert Mfg Co, 1313

Kern, 2770

Kitway, 772

Knight, E, 990

Koch, 1917–1923

Leopold, J, 578

Leunig, F & Co, 505, 602, 1697–1698

M & Co see Marion & Co

M in star see Maul, Philipp Jakob

Marion & Co, 512, 1257, 1406, 2769

Maul, Jacob, 980

Maul, Philipp Jakob, 360–361, 415, 559, 1076, 1409, 1627–1636, 1649–1666, 1698–1700, 2771–2773

Melliship & Harris, 512

Parkins & Gotto, 512

Parnall, 415

Parnell, 199, 428, 1253

Place, F, 572

Pradel, 50, 220, 2770

Prospectus Mfg Co, 922

Ratcliff, J & E, 133

Reliable Automatic Dial, 379

Riddle, Gabriel, 1913

Rouse, 573, 605

Schember, C & Sohne, 1699

Schopper, Louis, 80, 602, 753, 1174, 1697–1698

Specialty Mfg Co, 415

Starke & Kammerer, 872

Tacho, 959

Testut, 1913, 2770–2771

Thorne-Foster, 2770

Toledo, 224, 2769–2770

Turner, S Sen, 373, 381

Weintraub & Co, 2773

Weintraud & Co Ges, 707

Zenith, 379, 415

modifications, 2774

moisture content, 260

moving graduations & pointer, 2774

with moving load, 2767–2768, 2773

with multi-pivot point for poise, 2772–2773

with multiple fulcrums, 2773

nationality

American, 224, 379, 415, 417, 772, 922, 922–924, 1077, 1313, 1668, 1687

French, 1252–1253, 1401, 1404

German, 1627–1636

Swiss, 562

paper, 285, 505, 602, 1654, 1692, 1697–1700, 1704, 2769

parcel, 199, 512, 753, 1076, 1652, 1917–1923

patent, 80, 199, 269, 379, 399, 415, 426–428, 455–456, 484, 510–512, 540, 559, 597, 622, 652, 678–679, 1223, 1361, 1401

patentee

Albinson, J H & Cocker, H H, 1176

Anscheutz & Schlaff, 2767, 2770

Automat, 1631–1632

Batt, 2773–2774

Bodmer, R, 1176

Braby, T, 2768

Briais, N, 2769, 2771–2772

British Research Association & Barker, S G & Hedges, J J, 1176

Clais, J S, 268, 270, 276, 573, 597, 2767

Cope & Cope Ltd, 415

Dampier, E, 399

Everitt, 2774

Fauvel, L A, 1375

Foley, J S, 549

Golaz, J, 622

Gotlieb, Kern & Sohn, 2769–2770

Gould, Chester, 2767

Guérin, 2768

Guérin, R, 1374

Hahn, George, 1629–1630

Hall, Nathaniel, 199, 428, 707, 991, 1403, 2768

Hedicke, M, 80

Hiscock, W, 509, 512, 1255

Horn & Albracht, 510–511, 2768

James, W H, 2768

Knight, E, 990

Laborde, D L, 1372

MacKenzie, J, 484

Maul, Philipp Jakob, 1633, 2771–2773

McGiehan, I S, 621–622

Peppe, G T, 427

Ragg, A E, 484, 538, 540, 753, 1253, 1361, 1410–1412, 2769

Restorf, 1410–1412, 2772

Riddle, Gabriel, 2768

Rowe, A G, 707

Saladin, L J B, 1176

Salter, G, 549

Smyth, 2771

Staudenmaier, C, 396, 652

Thiebaud, A & Burdet, 1401

Tomkins, M H, 1176

Watkins, 2774

Winnlaw, 2767–2768

Witherell, 2773, 2845–2846, 2861–2865

patents see patent, pendulum

pendulous, 1655, 1676, 2771–2772

person, 2769, 2774

photographic, 1654, 1656, 2769

with pillar or casing, 2768–2770

plastic, 1264

postal, 50, 132–133, 199, 220, 317, 368, 399, 428, 456, 511–512, 562, 571, 652, 677, 707, 753, 871, 958, 980, 990, 1077, 1220–1225, 1253–1257, 1264–1265, 1289, 1292, 1361–1362, 1374–1376, 1385, 1403–1412, 1627–1636, 1649–1668, 1676, 1681, 1683, 1687, 2768–2774

precision, 872

rack & pinion, 1649

ration book sc, 224

rectangular, 1409

registered design, 1220

reproduction, 144

retailer

Asprey, 1676

Black, Starr & Frost, 1668

Hartner, G, 1698–1700

Illfelder, Jos, 1253

Kern, Gottlieb & Sohn, 1076

Mardon, A H, 1697

Marion, A, 1255

Mermod, Jaccard & Co, 1668

Perry & Co, 1253

revolving pointer, 1649

silver, 1385

sliding poise, 1650

telescopic arm, 1405

three load pivots, 609, 1914

tin-plate, 1256

torsion balance, 2772

trade, 641, 2769

turn-over poise, 1650

two load pivots, 753, 772, 1911

two pointers, 1405, 1408–1409

yarn, 572, 605, 1073, 1174, 1309, 1654, 2769

pendulum sc (article), 198–199, 571–578, 602–609

pendulum sc & steelyard, 559

pendulum sc with inkwells, Maul, Philipp Jakob, 1683

Penkethman's Artachthos, 1053

Penn Scale Mfg Co Inc, trip sc, 647

pennies

called esterlins, 1561

English, 1561

penny, English Sterling, 1988

penny post, 2, 1224–1233

Penny Postal Services, 1226

pennyweights see weights, denomination

"Pennyweights and Grains," 2476

"Pennywise, Not Pound Foolish part 1, 1884-1900" (article by Willard), 2423–2433

"Pennywise, Not Pound Foolish part 2, 1887-1920" (article by Willard), 2457–2463

Peppe, G T, patentee, 427

Pepperers' Guild Co, 1994, 2019

see also Grocers' Co

percentage sc, def, 283

percentage sc see moisture content, sc

Perfad see Perfas

Perfas

instructions, 1569–1571

steelyard mkr, 647, 1525

Perfect, trademark see Martin, Henry

Perfection

egg sc mkr see Pacific Poultry Appliance Co

see also Triner

periodicals, list of useful, 2094

perit, 1075

Perkin, William Henry, inventor of aniline dye, 1862

Perkins, Goodwin & Co, American sc retailer, 1697

Perkins, J, American ccd patentee, 2064

perpetration of fraud, inspectors, 1591–1597

Perry, W G & Son, grocers sc retailer, 559

Perry & Co

bismar mkr, 1359–1360, 3006

postal sc retailer, 428, 481–482, 1253, 1792, 3030

Perry's Story of Standards (review), 187

person sc

def, 221, 224–225, 283, 2240–2241

accuracy, 3

baby, 185, 335, 338, 516, 526, 562, 1294

bathroom, 177, 543, 554

club, 18, 1439, 1709

coin operated, 518, 717, 980, 1706–1712

destruction, 555

infant, 516

jockey, 18, 60, 547, 2588

mkr

Alexanderwerk, 2169–2170, 2240–2242

Avery, W & T, 60, 224

Avery, W & T Ltd, 1706

British Automatic Co, retailers, 518

Burchfield, Thomas & Son, 1732

Caille Brothers,