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For those who want to tear and trample Russian history, Chaadayev is the favorite
theoretician (although he is undoubtedly an outstanding thinker.) First samisdat and later émigré
publications carefully selected and passionately quoted his published and unpublished texts
which suited their purposes. As to the unsuitable quotations and to the fact that the main
opponents of Chaadayev among his contemporaries were not Nicholas I and Benckendorff, but
his friends – Pushkin, Vyazemsky, Karamzin, and Yazikov – these facts were ignored.
In the early 1970s, the hate against all things Russian was gathering steam. Derogatory
expressions about Russian culture entered samisdat and contemporary slang. “Human pigsty” –
so much contempt for Russia as being spoiled material was expressed in the anonymous samisdat
article signed by “S. Telegin” (G. Kopylov)! Regarding the forest fires of 1972, the same Telegin
cursed Russia in a samisdat leaflet: “So, the Russian forests burn? It serves Russia right for all
her evil-doing!!”
“The entire people consolidate into the reactionary mass” (G. Pomerants). Take another
sincere confession: “The sound of an accordion [the popular Russian national instrument] drives
me berserk; the very contact with these masses irritates me.” Indeed, love cannot be forced.
“Jews, Jewish destiny is just the rehash of the destiny of intelligentsia in this country, the destiny
of her culture; the Jewish orphanage symbolizes loneliness because of the collapse of the
traditional faith in the people. What a transformation happened between the 19th and mid-20th
century with the eternal Russian problem of “the people”! By now they view “the people” as an
indigenous mass, apathetically satisfied with its existence and its leaders. And by the inscrutable
providence of Fate, the Jews were forced to live and suffer in the cities of their country. To love
these masses is impossible; to care about them – unnatural. The same Khazanov (by then still in
the USSR) reasoned: “The Russia which I love is a Platonic idea that does not exist in reality.
The Russia which I see around me is abhorrent. She is a unique kind of Augean stables with her
mangy inhabitants. There will come a day of shattering reckoning for all she is today.
Indeed, there will be a day of reckoning, though not for the state of adversity that had
fallen on Russia much earlier.
* * *
In the 1960s, many among intelligentsia began to think and talk about the situation in the
USSR, about its future and about Russia itself. Due to strict government censorship, these
arguments and ideas were mentioned only in private or in mostly pseudonymous samisdat
articles. But when Jewish emigration began, the criticisms of Russia openly and venomously
spilled across the free Western world, as it formed one of the favorite topics among the émigrés
and was voiced so loudly that often nothing else could be heard.
In 1968, Arkady Belinkov fled abroad. He was supposedly a fierce enemy of the Soviet
régime and not at all of the Russian people. Wasn’t he? Well, consider his article
The Land of
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