200 Years Together by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn



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200 Years Together

Literaturnaya Gazeta worked diligently on these disclosures.”  
Undeniably, Stalin  hit the worst-offending  spot, the one that highly  annoyed the public. 
However,  Stalin  was  not  so  simple  as  to  just  blurt  out  “the  Jews.”  From  the  first  push  at  the 
groups of theatrical critics flowed a broad and sustained campaign against the  “cosmopolitans” 
(with  their  Soviet  inertial  dim-wittedness  they  overused  this  innocent  term  and  spoiled  it.) 
Without  exception,  all  “cosmopolitans”  under  attack  were  Jews.  They  were  being  discovered 
everywhere.  Because  all  of  them  were  loyal  Soviet  citizens  never  suspected  of  anything  anti-
Soviet, they survived the great purges by Yezhov and Yagoda. Some were very experienced and 
influential  people,  sometimes  eminent  in  their  fields  of  expertise.  The  exposure  of 
“cosmopolitans” then turned into a ridiculous, even idiotic glorification of Russian primacy in all 
and  every  area  of  science,  technology  and  culture.  Yet  the  “cosmopolitans”  usually  were  not 
being  arrested  but  instead  were  publicly  humiliated,  fired  from  publishing  houses,  ideological 
and cultural organizations, from TASS, from Glavlit, from literature schools, theaters, orchestras; 
some were expelled from the party and publication of their works was often discouraged.  
And  the  public  campaign  was  expanding,  spreading  into  new  fields  and  compromising 
new  names.  Anti-Jewish  cleansing  of  “cosmopolitans”  was  conducted  in  the  research  institutes 
of the Academy of Science: Institute of Philosophy (with its long history of internecine feuding 
between different cliques), the institutes of Economy, Law, in the Academy of Social Sciences at 
the CK of the VKPb, in the School of Law, and then it spread to the office of Public Prosecutor.  
Thus,  in  the  Department  of  History  at  MGU  (Moscow  State  University),  even  a  long-
standing  faithful  communist  and  falsifier,  I.  I.  Minz,  member  of  the  Academy,  who  enjoyed 


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Stalin’s  personal  trust  and  was  awarded  with  Stalin  Prizes  and  concurrently  chaired  historical 
departments in several universities, was labeled the head of cosmopolitans in Historical Science. 
After that numerous scientific posts at MGU were “liberated” from his former students and other 
Jewish professors. Purges of Jews from technical fields and the natural sciences were gradually 
gaining momentum. The end of 1945 and all of 1946 were relatively peaceful for the Jews of this 
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