2 Халқаро илмий-амалий конференция материаллари. Педагогик инновациялар, касб-ҳунар таълими бошқарув ҳамда педагог кадрларни қайта тайёрлаш ва уларни малакасини ошириш институти, 2020 йил, 424 бет

 
Lease (Affermaj) - 
Lease and affermage agreements are usually concluded between the public and 
private sectors, according to which the private operator is responsible for the operation and maintenance of 
the service facility and does not participate in financing the investment. 

---

189 
In the case of rent (leasing), part of the proceeds is paid as rent to the authority or other competent 
authority that owns the property, the rest is retained by the operator. Payments are clearly defined and do not 
depend on the volume of service. 
In the case of an affirmation, the lessee pays the surcharge levied on the fee to the authority or other 
competent authority that has invested or will invest in the infrastructure. Payments are set relative to the 
volume of services provided (risk reduced). 
The concession gives the concessionaire the right to long-term use of all service assets. The 
concessionaire is tasked with responsibilities ranging from operational responsibilities to making certain 
investments and is given the authority to own the assets, while the powers are usually responsible for 
replacing large assets. The assets, together with the assets purchased by the concessionaire, are returned to 
the owner (local government or government representative) at the end of the concession period. In a 
concessionaire, the concessionaire usually receives a large portion of its income from consumers and 
therefore it has a direct relationship with the consumer. The concession covers the entire infrastructure 
system (may include the acquisition of existing assets by the concessionaire and the construction and use of 
new assets). The concessionaire usually pays a limited preferential concession fee to the government or a 
government representative and directs the remaining funds to the replacement and expansion. Concession is 
a special term in civil law countries.