1. Flipped Instruction Description

51. Thumbs Down, Thumbs Up
Definition
Thumbs down, thumbs up is a simple strategy for getting immediate feedback from students. During a lesson, pause after each step to get instant thumbs down, thumbs up feedback on whether students understand the previous step.
If there are thumbs down, the teacher should ask those students if they have direct questions or whether they might want that section to be covered again in different language or more slowly.
Benefits

• 
  Enables the teacher to gauge students’ reactions in real time.
  
• 
  Gives the students an opportunity to give the teacher feedback immediately so that they don’t fall behind or become frustrated.
  

Challenges

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  If the majority of students give thumbs up but only one or two give thumbs down, this is not endorsement to move on. Rather, the teacher should make sure no students fall behind.
  

52. Summarizing And Paraphrasing
Definition
For this teaching strategy, either the teacher or student summarizes something someone previously said in their own words in order to ensure they understanding each other without any misconceptions.
Benefits

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  In having a student repeat the teacher’s statement in their own words, the teacher can see whether students actually understand something.
  
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  In repeating a student’s statement in different language, the teacher can see whether they truly understand what the student means.
  

Challenges

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  The biggest risk here is in the teacher ‘putting words in the student’s mouth’. This may give the student a free pass.
  

Examples

1. 
   The teacher explains a concept, then asks the student to repeat it without using the same words. A pause of a few minutes between the teacher’s explanation and the student’s response can be helpful in preventing the student from directly copying the teacher’s language. As time passes, the meaning should stay but the exact words should be forgotten.
   
2. 
   Alternatively, the student makes a statement, and the teacher translates it in their own words and finishes with “Is that what you meant?”