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Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar
[1].O’zbekiston milliy ensiklopediyasi Davlat ilmiy nashriyoti Toshkent 2006.
[2]. Geoekologik yondashuv va uninmg mohiyati || Janubiy O`zbekistonda geografiya
maktabining shakllanishi va rivojlanishi. Termiz, 2006. Abdullayev S.I. Janqobilov I.X.
Murtazayev B.Ch.
[3].https://cafepulsar.ru
[4].https://uz.unistica.com
[5].https://wikipediya.uz
115
RECEIVING FURFURAL FROM AGRICULTURAL WASTE
Mukhammedov Saidmurod – assistant*;
Isakov Khayatulla, professor. doctor of technical sciences**;
Askarov Ibrohim Rahmonovich, professor. doctor of chemical sciences**.
*Ferghana Polytechnic Institute, **Andijan State University
Annotatsiya
Ushbu tezislarda qishloq xo’jalik mahsuloti qoldig’i bo’lgan bug’doy
somonidan kerakli bo’lgan modda furfurol olish bo’yicha ma’lumotlar keltirilgan.
Tajribalar turli xil haroratlarda olib borilgan va olingan natijalar ko’rsatigan.
Аннотация
В этих тезисах представлена информация о производстве фурфурола,
необходимого вещества, из пшеничной соломы, которая является
сельскохозяйственными отходами. Эксперименты проводились при разных
температурах, и результаты показали.
Annotation
This thesis provides information on the production of furfural, a necessary
substance, from wheat straw, which is an agricultural residue. The experiments
were performed at different temperatures and the results showed.
Today, the problem of waste is becoming one of the most pressing
environmental issues in the world. . In this regard, the country is consistently
working to protect the environment, ensure public health, rational use of natural
resources, improve sanitation and the environment. As a result of equipping and re-
equipping production facilities with modern technologies, the necessary conditions
for the recycling of industrial and agricultural waste are being created. Given the
high content of pentose in wheat straw from agricultural residues, the production
of furfural from it is a promising area for the processing of agricultural waste.
Wheat straw is produced in large quantities in agriculture. This provides us with
the raw materials to produce large amounts of furfural. Furfural is a freshly baked
bread odorless, colorless liquid that is poorly soluble in water. Boils at 162
0
C,
easily oxidizes in air and turns into black resin. Furfural reacts under the influence
of concentrated alkalis to form an equimolecular mixture of the salts of furyl
alcohol and pyroslylic acid. Furfural is converted to reduced furyl alcohol and,
when oxidized, to pyroslylic acid. It is catalytically oxidized to produce maleic
anhydride in industry. The furan kernel in furfural exhibits aromatic properties. It
undergoes nitration, chlorination and other electrophilic substitution reactions. [1]
Initially, wheat straw is dried, crushed, and fractionated and stored in closed
plastic containers. A sample of 100 g of dried and crushed wheat straw was taken.
Wheat straw was moistened with a 1% solution of sulfuric acid and cooked at 160-
190
0
C. Samples of furfural formed during the process were taken at different
intervals. The results obtained are given in the table below.[2]
Results obtained from 1 g of sulfuric acid solution from 100 g of wheat straw in the
temperature range 160-190 ° C
116
Table 1
Temperature,
o
C
Time,
min
Volume,
ml
The concentration of
the sample obtained,
mg/sm
3
The mass of the
sample obtained,
Mg
160
60
25
1,78
31,6
90
32
1,89
33,4
120
31,7
1,43
32,3
150
30,3
1,23
29,8
170
60
44
2,55
112,2
90
47
2,89
124,78
120
45
2,62
117,8
150
39,4
2,53
114,9
180
60
107
16,97
1812,65
90
154
20,37
2922,65
120
108
15,34
1611,78
150
106
10,3
1081,5
180
104
5,82
605,28
240
110
2,34
257,4
190
60
105
17,52
1638,82
90
108
23,25
2387,14
120
100
17,15
1427,89
This table shows the volume, concentration, and amount of furfural formed
at different temperatures over time. At 160
0
C for 60 to 90 minutes, the sample size
increased in the corresponding pan. Over time, the concentration, volume, and
volume of the samples taken at 120 and 150 minutes were less than those obtained
at 90 minutes. Even in the experiment at 170
0
C, the maximum yield was 90
minutes. The volume of furfural obtained was 47 ml, the concentration was 2.89
mg / cm3 and the amount was 124.78 mg. The same experiment was performed at
both 180
0
C and 190
0
C temperatures. In both cases, the highest productivity was
achieved in 90 minutes. The amount of furfural obtained at 180
0
C was higher than
that obtained at 190
0
C. In this case, the volume was 154 ml, the concentration was
20.37 mg / cm3, and the volume was 2922.65 mg, which was the highest result
among the others. So, in conclusion, we can get the maximum amount of furfural
when pentose-rich wheat straw is soaked in a 1% solution of sulfuric acid at a
temperature of 180
0
C for 90 minutes.
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