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XORAZM MA
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MUN AKADEMIYASI AXBOROTNOM
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SI
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8/2020
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devoted to their comparison in different languages, as well as the study of the term fields of
individual branches of medicine (dermatovenereology) . Also studied are the syntax features of
medical discourse and the specifics of individual genres (clinical protocol, medical records of
inpatients). So, E.I. Sakhratova and A.V. Ageeva consider the features of word formation in English
and Russian medical terms. Researchers pay special attention to metaphorization and derivation ,
noting the increasing internationalization of Anglicisms in medical discourse [1].
The work of medical terms in English is also devoted to the work of M. A. Loginova, who
distinguishes among the most active methods of derivation affixation (inhaler, unstable,
disconnection), phrasing (thromboembolism), conversion (acid), abbreviation (Adverse Event (AE),
Atrioventricular (AV), Investigational Product (IP)), borrowings, which most often include the
names of diseases, syndromes and symptoms (parkinsonism, albinism).
I.S.Danilova and Yu.S. Danilova study medical eponymous terms in English and Russian and
note an increase in the potentiality of a common name as its degree of abstractness grows, as well as
the participation of eponyms in the process of synonyms with absolutely medical terms (for
example, the eponymous term Down syndrome (English) Down syndrome (DS) or Down
’
s
syndrome the absolute term English trisomy [3].
Van Ke Yong and S. V. Shuripa consider the affix method of word formation of medical
terms in the Korean language and note the greater productivity of suffixes of English origin in
medical discourse compared to the general literary one, as well as the equal frequency of the prefix
method [2].
The metaphor in the English medical discourse became the subject of study in the work of
I.V. Semenchuk and A.N. Tovstyko. They consider the features of metaphorical transfer in the
terminological system related to the field of gastroenterology. At the same time, the authors specify
that the principles of metaphorization in different branches of medicine are different and are directly
related to the specifics of the field. Thus, in anatomy based on the study of the external
characteristics of an object, metaphorical transfers based on the size, shape, position of an object in
space prevail, and in therapy, visual, acoustic tactile characteristics play a significant role,
metaphors associated with sensations in psychiatry - conceptual metaphors, etc. In gastroenterology,
the authors identified household (bowel wall - intestinal wall), conceptual (digestive disturbance -
digestive upset), geographical (gastric area - gastric field), biomorphic (tail of the pancreas -
pancreatic tail), geomorphic metaphors (Sigmoid colon - sigmoid the intestine, bilocular stomach -
a two-cavity stomach) and somatism metaphors (hairy tongue). From the point of view of structure,
the most productive way of forming metaphors is terminological combinations [4].
Of interest are studies on a particular genre of scientific medical discourse. The work of O. V.
Romashova examines the genre-style features of the medical records of inpatients, interesting for
their integration of official-business and scientific styles of speech. The author defines the main
function of this genre as informative-cumulative and reveals in the medical records texts such
features of a scientific style as the presence of medical terminology and terminological expressions
(traumatic brain injury, fracture of the proximal phalanx of the first finger of the left hand without
bias, favorable prognosis), abbreviation ( ADHD, RTCH), passive constructions (the following
results were obtained during the study, noted after the treatment), verbal nouns (improvement,
deterioration), incorrect cial elements: numbers, graphs, radiographs.
Thus, our brief review of the research in the scientific linguistic style of speech that exists in
the modern linguistic space allows us to determine the most actively developed areas: term systems
in terms of their origin, word formation and semantics of terms, features of scientific syntax,
methods of authorization and expression expression in scientific discourse, types of metaphors, a
comprehensive study of individual genres - and to identify the need for further study of scientific
discourse, including in the diachronic aspect, and the prospects for its development.
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