“chemical engineering”
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RIGA TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER’S STUDIES PROGRAMS “CHEMICAL ENGINEERING”REPORT OF SELF-EVALUATION2000 Content
Index of data requested in chapter 19 of “Regulations for accreditation of higher education establishments”
Index of appendices
Introduction. Faculty of Material Science and Applied Chemistry Faculty of Material Science and Applied Chemistry (till Senate decision (spring, 2000) of Riga Technical University (RTU) – Faculty of Chemical Technology (FCT)) was founded in 1862. It functioned as a part of Riga Polytechnic School (1863-1896), Riga Polytechnical Institute (1896-1919 and 1958-1990), Latvian University (1919-1944), Latvian State University (1944-1958), Riga Technical University (since 1990). More than century both chemistry research and chemical production have been situated at high level in Latvia. Several worldwide known chemists – such as Nobel Prize winner Wilhelm Ostvald, Paul Walden (mentioned almost in all textbooks on organic chemistry published throughout the world), a.o. - were founders of scientific traditions of chemistry in Riga, here they made important investigations and discoveries. Taking in account facts, that Latvia does not have abundance of natural resources, but at the same time has qualified specialists and high level of education, USSR built factories, which were not material assuming, but demanded high level research. Specialties of chemistry became very popular during sixties, when students had to pass strong competition to be enrolled in chemistry programs. Faculty of Material Science and Applied Chemistry (FMC) of Riga Technical University is the only one education establishment in Latvia, training engineers in chemistry and chemical technology. In 1999/2000 year 210 students are studying here (100 undergraduates, 40 students in professional programs, 40 students in graduate programs, 30 postgraduates). Every year about 50 candidates are enrolled (see enrollment data for 1986-1999 in appendix 15.1) in two studies programs (“Chemistry” and “Chemical engineering”). Unfortunately, only 30-40% from enrolled students graduate; the highest student dropout is after first semester of undergraduate studies and during postgraduate studies. In the former case the problems are students adaptation at University, faults of general secondary education system in Latvia (there are students, which have not take chemistry, physics, computer science, mechanical drawing at secondary school), overestimation of their knowledge and potential. Enrollment in professional programs of FMC is not restricted by number of accepted persons and usually reach 15-20 students per year. The main reason for dropout during professional studies is incapability to combine studies with job; more often nonattendance of lessons is associated with duties at job. Stipendiums are granted to all successful students, but the best can receive special stipendiums (up to 65 LVL) granted by RTU, foundations, employers; financial prizes are available for those who participate in competitions and projects. Foreign Professors, who have accepted our students for studies continuation abroad, mention, that FMC graduates are skilled in chemistry like students of the best foreign universities, but our students are often stronger in their narrow specialty. General scheme of studies at FMC is presented in figure 1. Volume of studies program at RTU is evaluated in credit points (CP). Total volume of credit points for one studies year (2 semesters) in the case of full workload reaches 40 CP. 16 contact hours of lectures or in laboratories correspond to 1 CP. Subjects are divided into compulsory and elective courses. The last might be elective (from the given list) or free choice subjects. Before new studies year students must register for elective and free choice subjects; every semester according nominal plan they have to receive at least 20 CP (for some semesters the correction ±2 CP is eligible). There is a possibility to study according individual plan (receiving at least 10 CP per semester). Starting from 1993 a lot of changes in studies curriculum have been done by Faculty, in order to fulfill recommendations of European Federation of Chemical Engineers (EFCE). In 1999/2000, following regulations of Studies Department of RTU, number of contact hours has been dramatically reduced. During the last 2 years we switched from oral to written examination forms. Till this, during classical oral exams students got some (1-3) individual questions, and, being lucky, could pass exam without knowledge in other course material; the another important problem was remarkable mental interaction between student and examiner during exam, which could give rise to subjectivity in evaluation. Transfer to written examinations with the same questions for all students, which are general and reflect all problems of subject (usually up to 20 short, well defined and important questions), created conditions for more objective evaluation of students’ knowledge. Students are evaluated in 10 mark scale, were “6” means the last successful mark; during all studies student can get one mark “5”, but not in the main subjects, which are mentioned in diploma. Middle exams, quizzes, tutorials, tests are used between exams in many subjects, which help to find out students’ problems in understanding of material in order to provide additional consultations. Some teachers are using analytical evaluation system: student is not evaluated only for his answer at the exam, but also results demonstrated by him during semester (marks of quizzes, tests, home works, studies projects etc.) are taken into an account. Backward students may take exams in other subjects, but if they can’t successfully complete exam of the same subject during 2 semesters, they are discharged. For more than one uncompleted subject in examination period students pay penalty according decisions of RTU Senate. Chemistry and chemical engineering studies programs are provided at almost all universities in the world. The previous period of our studies programs can be characterized with preparation of high-level specialists, good material and technical base. Further development mainly depends from financial situation of University, which is not satisfactory at this moment. One of the most important things is the fact, that salaries of academic staff are much more lower than those of officials and employees of companies. This is the reason of escape of the youth - most promising teachers and specialists - from the University. Positive moment, when the best students of Faculty take some period or next level of studies in Sweden, Finland, Spain, Germany and USA, is overweighed by the negative one – most of them are not going to return back and stay abroad for job at university or company (e.g., in organic chemistry specialty during last 5 years 5 students). FMC of RTU has all necessary intellectual and technological potential for realization of academic and professional programs in chemistry. The knowledge obtained by students allows them to continue studies at the next level (including foreign universities) or to start job in research institutions. After graduation they have enough wide base of fundamental knowledge to be able to follow fast changes of chemistry and chemical engineering in the world. There is high demand for specialists of chemical engineering in Latvia, but employers are mainly looking for male graduates. Taking into account facts, that average number of males between our students as well as total number of graduates of Faculty is low, necessities of employers can't be satisfied at this moment. As now the middle age of scientists and leading specialists in chemistry in Latvia is close to retirement age, but there is not enough younger specialists for their replacement, in the next few years (especially, after changes made by Government in retirement rules) young and good chemists will be highly demanded as well in chemical industry, as in research institutions and educational establishments. 
Figure 1. General scheme of studies at Faculty of Material Science and Applied Chemistry 1. Professional studies program of engineers 1.1. Aim and objectives The aim of engineer’s studies program is to provide highest professional education in chemical engineering, necessary theoretical knowledge and practical skills for work in industry and science, to prepare leading specialists for work in chemical enterprises. Objectives of program are:
1.2. Description Studies program “Chemical engineering” provide professional studies for awarding engineer’s qualification in one of engineering branches – chemical engineering. Engineer’s programs in “Chemical engineering” (appendix 1.2.4), plans (appendix 2.2.4) and syllabuses of courses (appendices 4,17) are provided in appendices. Program of professional studies “Chemical engineering” is established according rules set by RTU Senate and FMC Council and instructions of RTU Studies Office. Studies program is accepted by Council of Faculty (previous Faculty of Chemical Technology) and RTU Senate. Students of professional engineer’s program can choose one specialty from 6 provided at FMC – specialties are listed in table 1. Within studies program “Chemical engineering” one new professional college program was launched in 1998/1999 studies year: “Complex Processing of Wood”. Table 1. Specialties of engineer’s studies
Short description of specialties Biologically active compounds and their ready-to-use forms Problems of medicinal chemistry are the main subjects of program. Knowledge and skills of chemical synthesis in order to search for new biologically active compounds as well as production technology of pharmaceutical substances and their usage forms are obtained; students are trained in processes of organic syntheses used for production of food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics etc. Chemistry and technology of biomaterials Modern, innovative, research based branch of materials technology, which rapidly developed during last 20 years. Studies concerns problems of replacement of damaged tissues and organs of human an animal bodies. Basics of structure of both human tissues and different materials (metals, glass, ceramics, polymers, composites), as well as technologies of production of biomaterials and their use in different medicinal applications are studied. Program of this specialty is rather new – it was launched at RTU in 1996 and it was based on examples of similar studies programs abroad: in Germany, Italy, Great Britain, USA, Australia and Japan. Till now 12 students have mastered theoretical part of program and 8 of them successfully defended Master’s theses. Technology of polymer materials and composites Studies envisage preparation of wide profile specialists in branch of polymer materials, which could manage interconnections of structure and properties of polymer materials produced worldwide and processes of production of materials; which could experimentally evaluate quality of materials and carry out investigations necessary for creation of new materials. General studied subjects are: polymer composites and their production, synthetic polymers, such as binders, strings and adhesives, protective covering, recycling of polymer materials etc. Chemistry and technology of silicate and high temperature materials Studies concerns material science, new high temperature technology, analyses and production of silicate materials (porcelain, glass, glass fibers, building ceramics, cement, ceramic tiles, optical fibers, glass-crystalline materials and enamels), quality control of production. Environmental engineering Knowledge is obtained about possible reasons of environmental degradation and pollution issues, as well as about technologies of isolation of characteristic pollution issues and their liquidation. Problems of assessment and distribution of different pollution and prognoses of its spreading as well as technologies for abolishing of pollution consequences are studied. Particular attention is devoted to establishing of environmentally benign and friendly production. General chemical technology Training concerns general problems of chemical technology, new technologies, equipment, analyses of technological lines, management and automation of processes, quality assessment and assurance, application of computers; graduates might use this knowledge in different branches of industry. All six specialties of engineer’s studies have compulsory subjects within 27-43 CP volume (table 2), 27 CP of them are general subjects of profile and program (table 3). Elective subjects have to be taken within 10 CP (including humanities and social subjects (4 CP), economy and management (4 CP)), but 6 CP are envisaged for subjects of free choice. Practice, completed with defense of report of practical work (8 CP), and engineer’s project (16 CP) are foreseen for mastering of practical skills necessary for engineer. According regulations (appendix 12.7), work at any enterprise of chemical industry is acceptable for practice. Difference between specialties can be within 18 CP (22.22%), which are predicted for subjects of specialty (appendix 1.2.4). Studies duration and volume Total volume of engineer’s studies program at RTU is 81 CP and minimal duration is 2 years. Volume and percentage of modules (groups of subjects) Modules of studies programs are provided in table 2. Syllabuses of courses are attached in appendices 4 and 17. Table 2. Volume and percentage of groups of subjects for different specialties of engineer’s studies
Table 3. Compulsory subjects of profile and program
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