The Road
. To the question why playing a dead man
by donning his defining accoutments and inhabiting his total persona
should inspire such metaphysical dread in Samson, we can only point
to the other numerous instances in the entire play in which, consistent
with their quasi-animist world-view, we see great psychic investment of
the lumpen, working class characters of the play in the sacred values
of certain cultic expressive and
performative
idioms. The most important
of these is of course the mask idiom of the “agemo” cult which indeed
supplies the deeply enigmatic preface poem to the play. But there is
also the climatic flashback scene in Part Two of the play which reen-
acts the day of the drivers’ festival when Murano was knocked down
by “No Danger, No Delay,” Samson and Kotonu’s “mammy wagon.”
The “drama of existence”: sources and scope
Thus, to an attentive reader or audience of the play, Samson’s terrified
self-awareness at the end of his powerfully animated impersonation of
Sergeant Burma would be one more element in the deep immersion of
this play in the imaginative and performative “worlds” of the drivers,
professional thugs, unemployed and semi-employed drifters whose lives
and foibles, with Professor’s colorful, bizarre eccentricities, Soyinka, as a
playwright whose social location is the middle class, ventriloquizes to pro-
duce the incredible mix of pathos, comedy and tragedy in the dramatic
action of the play.
The foregoing discussion opens up for our consideration another im-
portant operative principle of Soyinka’s dramaturgy. This pertains to the
extreme, radical juxtapositions that he applies to the diverse performa-
tive and expressive idioms and “languages” that he appropriates from
virtually all spheres and “worlds” of a class-divided social order. For, in
general, the kind of obliteration of the boundaries between “ritual” and
“drama” that we encounter in
Death and the King’s Horseman
does not con-
stitute a dramaturgic norm in Soyinka’s theatre. Definitely, in plays like
The Road
and
Kongi’s Harvest
, ritual idioms, African or Western, animist
or Christian, are deliberately kept from blending with mimetic, realistic
drama. The effect is thus more aesthetically and intellectually discon-
certing, and there is little question that this is deliberately produced by
Soyinka. It is indeed an aspect of his theatrical genius which, while in
general it has worked superbly on stage, it has nonetheless tended to con-
found many of Soyinka’s
literary
critics. Indeed, in plays such as
Madmen
and Specialists
,
Requiem for a Futurologist
and
From Zia with Love
where either
a ferocious satire or an irreverent parody predominates in the dramatic
action, the heterogeneous idioms and “languages” are set off against one
another in dissonant, contrapuntal collisions. This point has been elo-
quently made by Joachim Fiebach in a comment on the dramatic action
of
Madmen and Specialists
:
The drama
. . .
is a loose montage of performing stunts on the part of the mendi-
cants, of abrupt changes or gradual slippages from events which are presented
as the traditional dialogic interaction of established characters’ addresses to
the audience. Dr. Bero, the system’s specialist’s claim that the given order is
holy, an immutable social system, is constantly debunked by the various mock-
ing activities of his own watchdogs and by his father, the Old Man’s irreverent
attitudes
. . .
Absolute contradiction, ambivalence, and constant reversal of atti-
tudes are dominant features.
What this quote demonstrates is the fact that Soyinka’s great penchant
for parody makes him especially attentive to the discrepant articulations
within, and between the “languages” of the social groups and spheres of
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