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siècles, Vol. XIV (Paris, 1693–1712).
5. Dictionnaire de théologie catholique (Paris, 1903–50).
6. Saint Nilus, Epistula LXI: “Ad Olympidoro Eparcho”, in Patrologia Graeca, LXXIX, 1857–66.
7. Quoted in F. Piper, Über den christlichen Biderkreis (Berlin, 1852).
8. Quoted in Claude Dagens, Saint Grégoire le Grand: Culture et experience chrétienne (Paris, 1977).
9. Synod of Arras, Chapter 14, in Sacrorum Nova et Amplissima Collectio, ed. J.D. Mansi (Paris & Leipzig,
1901–27), quoted in Umberto Eco, Il problema estetico di Tommaso d’Aquino (Milan, 1970).
10. Exodus 20: 4; Deuteronomy 5: 8.
11. I Kings 6–7.
12. André Grabar, Christian Iconography: A Study of Its Origins (Princeton, 1968).
13. Matthew 1: 22; also Matthew 2: 5; 2: 15; 4: 14; 8: 17; 13: 35; 21: 4; 27: 35.
14. Luke 24: 44.
15. A Cyclopedic Bible Concordance (Oxford, 1952).
16. Saint Augustine, “In Exodum” 73, in Quaestiones in Heptateuchum, II, Patrologia Latina, XXXIV,
Chapter 625, 1844–55.
17. Eusebius of Caesare, Demostratio evangelium, IV, 15, Patrologia Graeca, XXII, Chapter 296, 1857–66.
18. Cf. “For they drank of that spiritual Rock that followed them: and that Rock was Christ”, I Corinthians
10: 4.
19. Grabar, Christian Iconography.
20. Quoted in Piper, Über den christlichen Bilderkreis.
21. Allan Stevenson, The Problem of the Missale Speciale (London, 1967).
22. Cf. Maurus Berve, Die Armenbibel (Beuron, 1989). The Biblia Pauperum is catalogued as Ms. 148 at
the Heidelberg University Library.
23. Gerhard Schmidt, Die Armenbibeln des XIV Jahrhunderts (Frankfurt-am-Main, 1959).
24. Karl Gotthelf Lessing, G.E. Lessings Leben (Frankfurt-am-Main, 1793–95).
25. G.E. Lessing, “Ehemalige Fenstergemälde im Kloster Hirschau”, in Zur Geschichte und Literatur aus
der Herzoglichen Bibliothek zu Wolfenbüttel (Braunschweig, 1773).
26. G. Heider, “Beitrage zur christlichen Typologie”, in Jahrbuch der K.K. Central-Comission zur
Erforschung der Baudenkmale, Vol. V (Vienna, 1861).
27. Marshall McLuhan, Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man (New York, 1964).
28. François Villon, Oeuvres complètes, ed. P.L. Jacob (Paris, 1854).
29. Ibid., “Ballade que Villon fit à la requeste de sa mère pour prier Nostre-Dame”, in Le Grand
Testament:
Femme je suis povrette et ancienne,
Ne rien ne scay; oncques lettre ne leuz;
Au monstier voy, dont suis parroissienne,
Paradis painct, ou sont harpes et luz,
Et ung enfer ou damnez sont boulluz:
L’ung me faict paour; l’autre, joye et liesse.”
30. Berve, Die Armenbibel.
31. Schmidt, Die Armenbibeln des XIV Jahrhunderts; also Elizabeth L. Einsenstein, The Printing
Revolution in Early Modern Europe (Cambridge, 1983).
BEING READ TO
1. Philip S. Foner, A History of Cuba and Its Relations with the United States, Vol. II (New York, 1963).
2. José Antonio Portuondo, ‘La Aurora’ y los comienzos de la prensa y de la organización en Cuba
(Havana, 1961).
3. Ibid.
4. Foner, A History of Cuba.
5. Ibid.
6. Hugh Thomas, Cuba; the Pursuit of Freedom (London, 1971).
7. L. Glenn Westfall, Key West: Cigar City U.S.A. (Key West, 1984).
8. Manuel Deulofeu y Lleonart, Martí, Cayo Hueso y Tampa: La emigración (Cienfuegos, 1905).
9. Kathryn Hall Proby, Mario Sánchez: Painter of Key West Memories (Key West, 1981). Also personal
interview, Nov. 20, 1991.
10. T.F. Lindsay, St Benedict, His Life and Work (London, 1949).
11. Borges’s story “The Aleph”, in El Aleph (Buenos Aires, 1949), from which this description is taken,
centres around one such universal vision.
12. Garcia Colombas & Inaki Aranguren, La regla de San Benito (Madrid, 1979).
13. “Thus there are two Books from whence I collect my Divinity; besides that written one of God, another
of his servant Nature, that universal and publick Manuscript, that lies expans’d unto the Eyes of all.” Sir
Thomas Browne, Religio Medici (London, 1642), I: 16.
14. “The Rule of S. Benedict”, in Documents of the Christian Church, ed. Henry Bettenson (Oxford, 1963).
15. John de Ford, in his Life of Wulfric of Haselbury, compares this “love of silence” to the Bride’s
entreaties for the quiet in the Song of Songs 2: 7. In Pauline Matarasso, ed., The Cistercian World:
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