Variant – 1 Three basic concepts of science.

VARIANT – 15 
1. 
Rubrication. (definition)
 
2. 
Stylistic features of scientific style. (give short information about each of them)
 
3. 
Write keywords and abstract for the following article: 
Phraseology came to the field in the 40s of the last century as a separate branch of linguistics, 
despite the fact that the phrases were very ancient units of folk oral and written creativity. The 
theory of phraseology was originally founded by the French linguist Charles Bally, for the first 
time systematized vocabulary in his work “Traité de stylistique française” (Stylistics of 
French). He distinguished three groups of word combinations: 1) free word combinations, that 
is, combinations of words that are devoid of stability, disintegrating after declension; 2) all 
skilful word combinations, that is, combinations of words in which the components are 
characterized by relatively free communication, allowing some modifications; 3) 
phraseological rows, that is, two concepts that are located side by side, are groups of words 
(1961,14).
Among the world linguists, phraseologisms and their role in the language are not yet clearly 
defined, and the concepts about them differ from each other. According to the German linguist 
Patricia Francisa Ciaeys, phraseology entered linguistics as a science in 1969-1989 and in this 
direction a lot of literature on semantics, syntax and pragmatics was created. Nevertheless, as 
in any language, terminology began to arise in this place(1987,189). Even when there was any 
definition of internal linguistic terminological bias, these attempts were nullified. 
In fact, in the comparative analysis of research in the field of phraseology of World linguistics, 
one can see that there are many variants of the concept of "phraseologism", and in its 
definition, too, different views. Consequently, G.Nazaryan who conducted research on the 
French phraseology said: "phraseologism is an independent unit of language, which is 
characterized by a complete and partial semantic change in composition, vocabulary and 
speech (1968,5). The independent unit of language phraseologism is more complex than other 
language combinations, such as phoneme, morpheme, word, and has a lexical, grammatical 
and especially semantic specific structure. More extralinguistic factors are involved in this 
structure. And they play a big role in the formation and development of the idioms and show 
the national character." Linguists Gramley and Patzold describe the phrase as "a complex 
element that is longer than the word form, but shorter than the sentence and has a meaning that 
comes from its components." 
By analogy of phraseologies of different language systems Sh.Usmonova an instrument of 
comparative studies carried out in Uzbek and Turkish languages, in which expressions 
consisting of somatic phraseologies, in particular, somatisms of the head, eyes, hands and feet, 
were studied according to the base terms . 

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Proverbal phraseologisms in French, Uzbek and Russian languages are studied in Nasirov's 
work from a national-cultural point of view. In Kholmurodova's study, the thematic ideological 
interpretation of figurative and motivational phraseologies in English and French was studied 
from a linguistic point of view.
The monograph titled "Linguistic and semantic-pragmatic study of phraseological units" by 
A.Mamatov is devoted to the linguistic, semantic-pragmatic study of phraseological units, in 
which it is mentioned about the cognitive and linguistic, national-cultural features of 
phraseological units, which characterize individual emotions and personality-specific qualities 
and characters. This monograph shows the formation of the phraseological composition of the 
current Uzbek literary language in three historical etymological ways: 1) formed on the basis 
of the Uzbek case; 2) mastering of relative and non-relative languages; 3) differentiation of 
phraseologies entering through thickening is emphasized. (2018, 7)
The occurrence of phraseologiesin the Turkish language, studied the meaning and grammatical 
features Kh.Khomidov distinguishes phraseologies as well as free word combinations from 
each other, emphasizing them only genetically similar combinations. According to the 
researcher, any phraseology is equal to a word combination or sentence on the syntactic level. 
(2018,28)
The word combination is formed on the basis of a folk verb and turns into a phraseologies. 
Consequently, the components that make up idioms are expressed as a cultural code in the 
minds of a particular nation. 

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