В пособии рассматриваются основные моменты английской грамматики: части речи имя существительное, имя прилагательное и наречие; видо-временные формы глагола; модальные глаголы; неличные формы глагола

B. see, hear, feel and sometimes listen (to), notice and watch can also be
followed by object + bare infinitive:
We saw him leave the house.
I heard him make arrangements for his journey.
The infinitive implies that the action is complete. / saw him change the
wheel means that I saw the whole action.


C. Comparison of the two forms
The participle is the more generally useful as it can express both complete
and incomplete actions. But the infinitive is useful when we want to
emphasize that the action is complete. It is also neater than the participle
when there is a succession of actions:
I saw him enter the room, unlock a drawer, take out a document, photograph it and put it back.


D. In the passive the full infinitive is used after verbs of the senses:
He was heard to say that the minister had been bribed.

3. catch, find, leave + object + present participle

A. catch/find:
/ caught them stealing my apples. (I found them doing this.)
If she catches you reading her diary, she'll be furious.
The action expressed by the participle is always one which displeases the
subject. With find there is no feeling of displeasure:
I found him standing at the door
= I saw him standing/He was standing at the door when I arrived.
With find the object could be inanimate:
He found a tree lying across the road.


B. leave can be used with a participle:
I left him talking to Bob = He was talking to Bob when I left.

4. go, come, spend, waste, be busy

A. go and come
go and come can be followed by the participles of verbs of physical activity
and the verb shop:
They are going riding/skiing/sailing.
Come dancing.
I'm going shopping this afternoon.


B. spend/waste + an expression of time or money + present participle:
He spends two hours (a day) travelling.
He doesn 't spend much time preparing his lessons.
We wasted a whole afternoon trying to repair the car.
He spent a lot of money modernizing the house.