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Grades, Ages
Needs
Elementary, 5 to 11 
Warmth, support, assurance, participation, acceptance 
Middle school, 11 to 14 
Group membership, peer acceptance, admiration 
High school, 14 to 18 
Acceptance, respect, peer group conformation 
Note that at all ages and at all levels, students want and need to be respected members 
of a group. Effective group membership is essential to establishing positive learning 
environments where collaboration, meaningful student interaction, class cohesion, and 
individual motivation are valued. 
I refer to this as a 
community of learners
—a classroom that celebrates all its members 
and provides a supportive, inspirational, and motivational environment. Composed of four 
elements, a community of learners… 

Celebrates student events and accomplishments. 

Provides success for all. 

Celebrates humor. 

Has a fair, purposeful classroom structure. 
A community of learners can be established in any classroom. Here are some ideas for 
turning your classroom into a community of learners: 

Take time for student interaction.
Student interaction and sharing enhances 
instructional time and prepares students to function more effectively as a body of learners. 
We must recognize the importance of these dynamics and find ways to celebrate student 
life. 

Spend time at the beginning of the year talking about guidelines students find in 
their homes.
Draw parallels from the home as a learning environment to being a family of 
learners in the classroom. 

Celebrate the accomplishments that make a group cohesive.
Recognize the work 
of cooperative groups, inform the class about its accomplishments over time, and inform 
students about the goals they’re attaining. 
