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Exercises
Level 1
(1) Grammar and stress
1. Which is the odd one out:
(a) in gender?
1.
г
´
усь
2.
д
´
ождь
3. ´
eль
4.
л
´
eбeдь
5.
лос
´
ось
(b) in masculine nominative plural ending (which one does
not
have a plural in stressed - ´
a)?
1.
б
´
eрeг
2.
л
´
eс
3. ´
остров
4.
сн
´
eг
5.
х
´
олм
(c) in the masculine singular locative case (which one does
not
have a locative singular in
stressed - ´
у
)?
1.
б
´
eрeг
2.
л
´
eс
3.
л
¨e
д
4.
х
´
олм
(d) in the genitive plural (which feminine noun does
not
have a mobile vowel in the genitive
plural)?
Genitive plural
Genitive plural
1.
б
´
aбочкa
3.
овц
´
a
2.
волн
´
a
4.
сосн
´
a
Exercises
45
(e) in meaning. Which of the following belongs to a different semantic field?
1.
коз
¨e
л
2.
к
´
от
3.
ос
¨e
л
4.
пa
´
ук
5.
соб
´
aкa
2. Verb conjugation. Replace the past-tense forms by present-tense forms:
Past tense
Present tense
Meaning
1.
B
´
eтeр д
´
ул
.
B
´
eтeр д
´
уeт
.
The wind is blowing.
2.
B
´
олк в
´
ыл
.
3.
з
мe
´
я ползл
´
a
.
4.
К
´
ошкa мурл
´
ыкaлa
.
5.
Oр
¨e
л лeт
´
eл
.
6.
Пт
´
ицa п
´
eлa
.
7.
Cоб
´
aкa л
´
aялa
.
(2) Recognition and differentiation
3. What distinguishes the pair:
жaр
´
a
/
х
´
олод
from other words in the vocabulary?
4. Animal families.
(a) Add the female forms and young of the following:
1.
б
´
ык
кор
´
овa
тeл
¨e
нок
4.
к
´
от
2.
в
´
олк
5.
мeдв
´
eдь
3.
коз
¨e
л
6.
пeт
´
ух
(b) Add the young of the following (use plural number):
1.
овц
´
a
ягн
´
ятa
3.
свинь
´
я
2.
пт
´
ицa
4.
соб
´
aкa
5. Association. Pair words with associated forms:
I
II
1.
б
´
eрeг
a.
сосн
´
a
1.
г
´
усь
a.
сн
´
eг
2. ´
eль
b.
дол
´
инa
2.
л
¨e
д
b.
пa
´
ук
3.
гор
´
a
c.
м
´
олния
3.
м
´
ухa
c.
жaр
´
a
4.
гр
´
ом
d.
побeр
´
eжьe
4.
с
´
олнцe
d. ´
уткa
46
Unit 2
6. Distribute the words to appropriate columns:
Fish
Meanings
Insects
Meanings
Birds
Meanings
1.
aк
´
улa
shark
1.
б
´
aбочкa
butterfly
1.
вороб
´
eй
sparrow
2.
2.
2.
3.
3.
3.
4.
4.
4.
(
aк
´
улa
,
б
´
aбочкa
,
вороб
´
eй
,
г
´
усь
,
л
´
eбeдь
,
лос
´
ось
,
м
´
ухa
,
ор
¨e
л
,
пa
´
ук
,
пчeл
´
a
,
р
´
ыбa
,
сeл
¨e
дкa
)
Trees
Meanings
Hills, rocks
Meanings
Water
Meanings
1.
бeр
¨e
зa
birch
1.
вeрш
´
инa
peak
1.
м
´
орe
sea
2.
2.
2.
3.
3.
3.
4.
4.
4.
(
бeр
¨e
зa
,
б
´
ук
,
вeрш
´
инa
,
гор
´
a
, ´
eль
,
м
´
орe
, ´
озeро
,
окe
´
aн
,
рeк
´
a
,
скaл
´
a
,
сосн
´
a
,
х
´
олм
)
7. Find in the dictionary other meanings of the following words:
Other meaning(s)
1.
д
´
уб
2.
коз
¨e
л
3.
пт
´
ичкa
4.
сн
´
eг
5.
сыр
´
ой
6. ´
уткa
8. Similes.
(a) Complete each simile by adding a noun (in some cases English will use different similes):
1.
Б
´
eлый кaк сн
´
eг
.
As white as . . . . . . . . . .
2.
Гол
´
одный кaк в
´
олк
.
As hungry as . . . . . . . . . .
3.
Cвоб
´
одный кaк пт
´
ицa
.
As free as . . . . . . . . . .
4.
C
´
ильный кaк мeдв
´
eдь
As strong as . . . . . . . . . .
5.
T
´
олстый кaк свинь
´
я
.
As fat as . . . . . . . . . .
6.
Xол
´
одный кaк л
¨e
д
.
As cold as . . . . . . . . . .
(b) Do the same with verb/noun similes:
1.
Пл
´
aвaть кaк
´
уткa
.
To swim like a . . . . . . . . . .
2.
Paб
´
отaть кaк л
´
ошaдь
.
To work like a . . . . . . . . . .
Exercises
47
(c) Find idiomatic English equivalents for the following:
1.
C мeн
´
я кaк с г
´
уся вод
´
a
(of someone completely unaffected by criticism).
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.
M
´
ы с ним кaк н
´
eбо и зeмл
´
я
(of people who are complete opposites).
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9. Definitions and translations.
I Match Russian words to English definitions:
1.
aк
´
улa
a. a small brownish-grey bird
2.
в
´
олк
b. a large voracious sea-fish
3.
вороб
´
eй
c. an immature animal
4.
дeт
¨e
ныш
d. a carnivorous dog-like mammal
II Match definitions to Russian words:
1. large area covered with trees
a.
дол
´
инa
2. low area surrounded by hills
b.
кор
´
овa
3. bovine animal
c.
кр
´
aб
4. ten-footed crustacean
d.
л
´
eс
III Match English–Russian equivalents:
1. field
a.
тум
´
aн
3. mist
c.
рaвн
´
инa
2. lake
b.
п
´
олe
4. plain
d. ´
озeро
10. Say which in each pair is bigger or more intense:
Bigger, more intense
Bigger, more intense
б
´
eрeг
/
побeр
´
eжьe
побeр
´
eжьe
г
´
усь
/ ´
уткa
в
´
олк
/
соб
´
aкa
м
´
окрый
/
сыр
´
ой
м
´
орe
/
окe
´
aн
х
´
олм
/
гор
´
a
(3) Translation
11. Insert the missing word and translate into English:
1.
«Mы с тоб
´
ой дв
´
a
. . .
у одн
´
ой рeк
´
и»
(
из р
´
усского ром
´
aнсa
).
2.
Cиб
´
ирскоe
´
озeро Бaйк
´
aл
–
с
´
aмоe больш
´
оe
. . .
в м
´
ирe
.
3.
«C
. . .
ж
´
ить
–
по
-
в
´
олчьи в
´
ыть
!
»
4.
Bсe зн
´
aют и л
´
юбят бeр
¨e
зу
,
с
´
aмоe тип
´
ичноe р
´
усскоe
. . .
5.
B
´
олгa
. . .
в Кaсп
´
ийскоe м
´
орe
,
д
н
´
eпр в
ч
¨e
рноe
,
a
д
´
он в Aз
´
овскоe м
´
орe
.
48
Unit 2
6.
Ha
´
улицe
. . . :
вс
¨e ´
утро ш
¨e
л д
´
ождь
.
7.
B
´
eтeр
. . .
с с
´
eвeрa
,
и нeт с
´
олнцa
.
Haв
´
eрно
,
б
´
удeт сн
´
eг
.
8.
B м
´
ae в Caнкт
-
Пeтeрб
´
ургe ср
´
eдняя тeмпeрaт
´
урa д
´
eвять
-
д
´
eсять гр
´
aдусов
. . . .
9.
По н
´
aшeму с
´
eвeрному н
´
eбу плыв
´
ут
. . . . . . . . . . –
б
´
удeт д
´
ождь
.
10.
л
ос
´
ось пл
´
ыл вв
´
eрх по
. . .
шотл
´
aндской рeк
´
и Cп
´
eй
.
(
б
´
eрeгa
,
волк
´
aми
,
впaд
´
aeт
,
д
´
eрeво
,
д
´
уeт
,
облaк
´
a
, ´
озeро
,
с
´
ыро
,
тeч
´
eнию
,
по
ц
´
eльсию
)
12. Translate into Russian:
1. The river Volga flows over plains and through valleys.
2. Between America and Great Britain is the Atlantic Ocean.
3. Mountaineers were climbing the Kazbek, a high mountain in the Caucasus.
4. Many trees grow in the forest – firs, pines and beeches.
5. Sparrows were flying about over the field.
6. Swans, ducks and geese live on the lake.
7. Sharks swim in warm seas and oceans, and herring in the cold waters of our northern seas.
8. Ducks, geese and swans swim well. Fish also swim well.
9. I do not like flying or climbing to the top of high hills.
10. The aircraft was flying over the mountains and forests, the seas and oceans.
11. In the valley I saw a snake crawling across a rock.
(4) Origins
13. Onomatopoeia. Which noun in each group is
not
considered to be onomatopoeic?
I
1.
б
´
ык
2.
к
´
урицa
3.
м
´
уркa
4.
пeт
´
ух
5.
пчeл
´
a
II
1.
б
´
уря
2.
гр
´
ом
3.
ж
´
ук
4.
пa
´
ук
14. Cognates. Find an English or Russian cognate for each of the following:
Meaning
Cognate
Meaning
Cognate
1.
змe
´
я
snake
зeмл
´
я
3.
пeт
´
ух
2.
овц
´
a
4.
свинь
´
я
15. Word origins.
(a) What do the components of
пa
´
ук
and
мeдв
´
eдь
mean literally?
(b) What is a suggested origin of
б
´
aбочкa
?
The physical world
49
Level 2
Natural features
Sea, rivers
бол
´
ото
bog
б
´
ухтa
bay
дн
´
о
bottom
зaл
´
ив
gulf
пр
´
уд
(gen.
пруд
´
a
) (
в
/
нa
пруд
´
у
)
pond
с
´
ушa
dry land
´
устьe
mouth (of river)
Word origins:
б
´
ухтa
is from German
Bucht
id.
Cognates:
(1)
с
´
ушa
is cognate with
сух
´
ой
‘dry’ (2) ´
устьe
is cognate with
уст
´
a
‘mouth’, ´
устный
‘oral’.
Literary note:
«Ha дн
´
e»
(
The Lower Depths
, 1902), a play by M. Gorky,
is set among down-and-outs.
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