Universite d’antananarivo ecole normale superieure

APPENDIX II: ON THE CLASSROOM OBSERVATIONS

Classroom observation N° 1: Practice of first conditional

1. 
   Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form
   

Eg: If I (give) him his medicine, he (live). If I give him his medicine, he will live.

1.	If the doctor	(take) care of the patient, less people		(die).
2.	If we	(not bring) an umbrella, we	(be) wet.

3. She (receive) this letter tomorrow if you (send) it right now.

4.	If he	(get) a ticket, Simon	(fly) to London.
5.	If you	(hit) the baby, he	(cry).
6.	Peggy	(go) shopping this afternoon if she	(have) time.

2. 
   Jill and Tina are waiting at the bus stop. They’re on their way to the cinema. Complete their story. Use the end of the previous sentence to begin the next sentence.
   

JILL: Oh dear, what happened to the bus? Why hasn’t it come? TINA: If (1) the bus doesn’t come soon, we’ll be late.

JILL: If (2) late, we’ll miss the beginning of the film.
TINA: If (3) of the film, we won’t understand the story. JILL: If (4) the story, we’ll be bored.

TINA: If (5) , we’ll probably fall asleep.
JILL: If (6) , we’ll miss the end of the film. TINA: Let’s not go to the cinema.


Classroom observation N° 1: Production of first conditional
Text : « Our environment »
The earth is our home and we must take care of it. If we destroy the environment, we won’t have a place for living. If we don’t have a place for living, the next generation will be destroyed. This means we must preserve the quality of our environment.
Consume, consume, consume! Our society is a dangerous consumer. To keep industries developed, we consume goods in endless quantities. If we consume that much, it will quickly exhaust our natural resources. Yet, this is only half of the problem. Many people use bad quality automobiles every day. If people use bad quality automobiles, the air will be polluted. The uncontrolled use of insecticides has

polluted the land and killed the wildlife. If we dump sewage and chemicals into rivers and lakes, we will contaminate our drinking water. If we live under these conditions, we will die in a very short time.
When will this all end? If we don’t stop this, we will dig ourselves into a hole. If we do not find ways to control all of these facts, we will get lost and will be irreversible. What to do? If we stop the industries, it will reduce the problems. But it will never stop because everyone wants jobs. Instead, we should make sure that the fuel used in is clean and they must be equipped with filters to reduce smoke. We can also build sewage-treatment plants. What does it mean? The sewage won’t be sent to the lakes anymore, it will be sent into a giant pipe where the liquid and the solid get separated. If we recycle the liquid, it will be reused as water supply; and we can also use the solids as fertilizer. If we use better condition cars, we will have cleaner air. If we equip car with pollution control device, we will reduce the harmful gases emitted from the engine. We cannot eliminate pollution, but we can urge people to stop bad habits.


Reading comprehension:

1. 
   Answer the following questions:
   
   1. 
      What are the main problems of the environment?
      
   2. 
      What are the major causes for the degradation of the environment?
      
   3. 
      What are the solutions suggested by the text?
      

2. 
   Match the problems to the solutions:
   

Problems	Solutions
Sewage pollutes water. Automobiles pollute the air. People consume goods excessively. Chemical products are spread all over the air.	If the industries use clean fuel and filter, the problem will be reduced. If we build sewage-treatment plants, we will have more water to drink. If we control the use of insecticides, we will reduce the spread of chemical products in the air. If we use better condition automobiles, we will prevent harmful gases from being emitted.

Classroom observation N° 2: Practice of third conditional
Complete the sentences by putting the verbs in brackets into the appropriate tense:

a)	If he	(not go) to the party, he	(not be) in prison now!
b)	If he	(think) about it more carefully, he	(may choose)
	another costume.

c) He (may leave) his car at home if he (choose) another costume.

d)	If he	(feel) less embarrassed at the party, he	(may drink) less.
e)	His car	(can still be) outside the party if he	(take) a taxi.
f)	If he	(not jump) the red light, the police	(not stop) him.

g) He	(be) happy sleeping in his bed if he	(not be) arrested.
h) If none of this	(happen), he	(can feel) much happier.

Classroom observation N° 3: Exercises

I.	Put in the correct tenses of the verbs :
	1. If people four arms, life easier. (have/be)
	2. We the sea if the weather	better.
	Unfortunately, it wasn’t.
	3. If you read people’s thoughts, what you	? (can/do)

4.	You	in your exam if you	hard. (succeed/study)
5.	If my car	, I	here at 8 o’clock.

I’m so ashamed of my boss. (not break down/be)

II. Build up three sentences with the conditional type 1, type 2, and type 3.

Classroom observation N° 4: Exercises

1. 
   – Match the clauses in column B with those in column A:
   

A	B
‐ if you help me wash my car. ‐ If it rains, 3- If she trained more, 4 ‐ If I had had an accident,	a ‐ you get wet. b- I would have gone to the hospital. c- I will buy you lunch. d- she would be stronger.

2. 
   ‐ Fill in the blanks with the correct tenses:
   

‐ If I (to buy) that car, I would have had an accident.
‐ If you heat ice, it (to melt).
‐ If you went to bed earlier, you (not to be tired).
‐ If you had worked harder, you (to pass) the exam.
‐ If I (to win) a million dollars, I would buy a yacht.
‐ I will tell John you are looking for him if I (to see) him.
‐ I (to meet) Bart if I had gone to the party.
‐ I would have had an operation if I (to go) to the hospital.

‐ We (to miss) the train if you don’t hurry.

‐ If that house (to collapse), many people would be killed.
‐ He (to walk) if the train is too late.
‐ The customer (to find) a bottle of whisky if he had searched my bag.
‐ Will you phone me if there (to be) any problem?
‐ If you drove more carefully, you (not to have) so many accidents.
‐ If I had known how expensive this car was, I (not to hire) it.
‐ He will see interesting old buildings if he (to visit) Oxford.
‐ The children (to be) better swimmer if they swam more frequently.
‐ If I (to be) you, I wouldn’t worry about going to university.
‐ I wouldn’t mind having children if we (to live) in the country.

APPENDIX III: ON THE EXPERIMENTED LESSON PLANS

Experimentation N°1 : Practice of the second conditional & Lyrics of the song “If I were a boy”

Put the verbs between brackets into the correct form to have second conditional sentences :
1- If I (to have) a year off, I (to travel) round the world. 2- If I (find) a mobile phone, I (not to use) it.

3. 
   I (to learn) another language if I (to have) more time.
   
4. 
   If someone ( to steal) my mobile phone, I ( to contact) the police.
   
5. 
   I (to stay) in bed if it (to be) Sunday today.
   

3. 
   If we (not to have) an exam tomorrow, I come ) with you.
   

( to

3. 
   People ( not to fly ) so much if air travel ( to become ) more expensive
   

If I Were A Boy (Beyoncé)

{verse 1}

If I were a boy even just for a day

I would roll out of bed in the morning And throw on what I wanted and go Drink beer with the guys

And chase after girls

I would kick it with who I wanted And I would never get confronted for it 'Cause they stick up for me

{Chorus}

If I were a boy

I think I could understand How it feels to love a girl I swear I'd be a better man I would listen to her 'Cause I know how it hurts

When you lose the one you wanted 'Cause he's taking you for granted And everything you had got destroyed

Presentation of « I wish + Past simple » (Experimentation N° 1)


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Experimentation N° 4 : Production of second conditional
Song: “Hero” (Enrique Iglesias)

APPENDIX IV: Teaching second conditional communicatively (in PART ONE)

Lyrics of the song “Locked away”

xi

UNIVERSITY OF ANTANANARIVO ECOLE NORMALE SUPERIEURE

English Department

TITLE: PROMOTING COMMUNICATIVE GRAMMAR TO IMPROVE THE TEACHING OF CONDITIONAL SENTENCES IN “PREMIERE” AND “TERMINALE” CLASSES

AUTHOR: RAKOTONJANAHARY Zolalaina Harifenitra

ADDRESS: VX 28 Avaradrova Haute Ville

ABSTRACT

This dissertation proposes to demonstrate the possibility of applying communicative grammar based on the communicative approach in the teaching of conditional sentences in “première” and “terminale” classes in Madagascar. It is written owing to the contention, which was confirmed by the field investigation, that students have difficulty in using conditional sentences in real life situations. The present study gives solutions that could enable them to use conditionals communicatively in written and oral form. This can be achieved by integrating language skills in the teaching of those grammatical structures.

KEY WORDS: conditional sentences, communicative, communication, communicative grammar, integration of skills, contextualization, real life situations, realistic situations, elicitation.

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