Тиллар ўҚитиш методикаси ва таълим технологиялари

INDUCTIVE METHOD Examples are given to the students. Out of the examples the rules are framed. This method is called inductive method. It is the method of formulating generalization from concrete examples or facts.


LECTURE 3.
TEACHING LISTENING TO A1 LEVEL LEARNERS
Lecture outline:
1. Listening as a part of speech
2. Aims of Teaching Listening
3. Psycho-physiological mechanisms of Listening
4. Difficulties in Teaching Listening
Key words: listening comprehension, comprehensive, informational, critical (Evaluative, appreciative, therapeutic, empathetic, effective, ineffective listening habits, ‘real-life’, top-down listening, bottom up listening, motivation, contextualization, preparation.
REFERENCES
1. Jalolov J.J. “English language teaching methodology” T. 2015. Pp. 111-125
2. Akhmedova L.T., Normuratova V.I. “Teaching English Practicum” T.2011.Pp. 60-66
3. Jalolov J.J. “Chet til o’qitish metodikasi” T. 2012. Pp. 145-167
What is listening?
Listening comprehension is the receptive skill in the oral mode. Hearing is physical. Listening is following and understanding the sound—it is hearing with a purpose.Listening is more than merely hearing words.
Listening is an active process by which students receive, construct meaning from, and respond to spoken and or nonverbal messages (Emmert, 1994).
Types of listening.
Comprehensive (Informational) Listening---Students listen for the content of the message.
Critical (Evaluative) Listening —Students judge the message
Appreciative (Aesthetic) Listening—Students listen for enjoyment.
Therapeutic (Empathetic) Listening—Students listen to support others but not judge them .
Contrasting Effective and Ineffective Listening Habits

Create or are influenced by Minimize distractions distractions
Actively listening is:
• When a person who incorporates listening with concentration;
• Method of responding to another that encourages communication. Listening: Top down and bottom up
In ‘real-life' listening, our students will have to use a combination of the two processes, with more emphasis on ‘top-down’ or ‘bottom-up’ listening depending on their reasons for listening.
Top-down listening
This refers to the use of background knowledge in understanding the meaning of the message. Background knowledge consists of context, that is, the situation and topic, and co-text, in other words, what came before and after.
Bottom up listening
The ability to separate the stream of speech into individual words to recognize.