‘This is a wonderful book that should be on the desk of every architect and planner. It shows how



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Positive Development From Vicious Circles to V

Micro-labourers
: Bacteria are used for many economic and environmental functions. For 
example, bacteria can be used in the bioremediation of toxic wastes, polluted soils, sewage 
sludge, petrochemical contamination and oil spills. Oyster mushrooms have been effective in 
eliminating diesel fuel spills – without toxic oil residues in either the soil or mushrooms.
9
They 
have been shown to transform other toxic substances into harmless ones, and could provide 
a substitute for incineration. Non-toxic insecticides can be produced from mushrooms to 
replace harmful agricultural and domestic poisons. Bacteria are already being used to improve 
plant growth in desert conditions. Fungi have been used to rehabilitate logging roads to stop 
siltation. Bacterial ‘desert cubes’ are now available that can turn conventional (new or existing) 
urinals into waterless systems.
10
Downstream, these naturally occurring and safe microorgan
-
isms can even assist in improving the septic tank or sewage treatment plant. But more exotic 
uses are being discovered all the time. For example, bacteria have been used to restore dete
-
riorating historic buildings and sculptures, and even produce lighting, energy and oxygen.


Boxes
281
Box 4 Green Scaffolding versus Double Skins
Some of the functions that ‘ordinary’ building skins 
could
serve are to: 

Optimize views

Collect solar energy

Generate electricity

Waterproof walls

Integrate food gardens

Support vertical landscaping

Provide social spaces
\

Distribute daylighting

Circulate fresh air and breezes

Create microhabitats and nature corridors

Mitigate storms

Provide insulation and acoustics

Collect and treat rainwater

Increase security and crime prevention

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