The Translator as Communicator



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translator as communcator

2
Exposition
Next on the scale of evaluativeness is exposition. While the context of
detachment encountered in legal language is also in evidence, expository prose
tends to be less regulated. To reflect this, expository text structure, though still
fairly tightly organized, is far less stringently formulaic than that of the
instructional text. The same goes for texture which, though fairly stable, is far
less constrained than that of legal language. Bearing in mind that a certain degree
of evaluativeness is not uncommon in exposition, we usually find that diction can
be fairly emotive, metaphoric expression is not a rarity and a general feel of
semi-formality is allowed. In terms of translation strategy, an approach which
permits lesser latitude works well with the more detached end of the spectrum,
but has to be adjusted slightly to handle the freer, more evaluative forms.
In searching for the text forms common in this particular text type, the
curriculum designer has to rely on an analysis of current practice in the field of
expository writing. Like that conducted for the text type instruction, such a
search will be primarily informed by genre criteria, and by one basic fact of
language variation, namely, that to be distinctive, the various text forms
identified must possess linguistic features that can be considered typical of the
form in question. With these defining criteria, our own research into exposition
has led us to the following list of forms that reflect a gradation from least to most
evaluative.
The abstract (e.g. succinct statement of the content of an academic article)
The synopsis (e.g. as in a theatre programme)
The summary (e.g. summarized report of a set of events, etc.)
The entity-oriented news report (e.g. listing the aims of a new
organization)
The event-oriented/non-evaluative news report (e.g. reporting the
opening meeting of the new organization)
The event-oriented/evaluative news report (e.g. a critical review of the
above meeting) 
CURRICULUM DESIGN 159


The person-oriented news report (e.g. report of a briefing given by the
head of the new organization)
The formulaic report (e.g. the auditors’ report)
1
The executive report (e.g. Chairman’s statement to the share-holders)
10 The personalized report (e.g. memoirs).

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