The Source Book On Sikhism

Sanskrit Punjabi Meaning

Karna Kann-a Ear

Nakra Nakka-a Nose

Chakra Chakka Wheel

Parna Panna Leaf

Karma Kamm-a Work (action)

Charma Chamm-a Leather

Karpura Kapur-a Camphor

But in the following cases, ‘r’ has been imported into Punjabi, when it was absent in the original Sanskrit; in these cases, it simply fills the gap before an accented syllable.

Examples.

Sanskrit Punjabi Meaning

Sam-bandha Sar-bandh-a Relation

Vi-lapa Vir-lap-a Wailing

Tik-shana Tir-khan-a Carpenter

Shapa Shrap-a Curse

The evolution of Punjabi verbs and case-endings forms a very interesting study, and our survey of it will be incomplete without comparing it with its Indian relatives, principally Hindi and Sanskrit.