1.
Low levels of maturity and insight;
2.
A parent’s poor capacity for emotional availability to the child;
3.
Ongoing, high levels of [coparental] conflict;
4.
Ongoing significant psychological acrimony between parents;
5.
Child is seen to be at risk in the care of one parent.
Child factors:
6.
Under 10 years of age;
7.
The child is not happy with the shared arrangement;
8.
The child experiences a parent to be poorly available to them.
Chapter 9
Custodial Schedules and Infant Overnights
157
WHAT CONDITIONS ARE SPECIFICALLY
CONDUCIVE TO INFANT OVERNIGHTS?
Given that infants have the fewest physical, cognitive, social, and emo-
tional resources with which to cope with stress, and given what we know
about the development of language, thinking, and early relatedness, we
can prescribe some of the conditions that are congruent with a parenting
plan including overnights with Dad. Above and beyond the more general
conditions described previously, the infant should have:
1.
A high degree of consistency across caregiving environments.
This calls for frequent, constructive, and child-centered coparent
communication so as to assure that the child has similar experi-
ences in the two homes, including:
(a) Consistency of routines (e.g., waking, napping, diapering,
mealtimes);
(b) Consistency of sensory experiences
4
(e.g., bedding and cloth-
ing textures as a factor of manufacturer and detergent, tastes
and the succession of new foods, ambient sounds and media
volume, room temperature and lighting);
(c) Consistency of limits, expectations, and discipline.
(d) Consistency of auxiliary caregivers. When a nanny, babysit-
ter, or daycare is required by either parent, that caregiver
should be available to the child across environments. This
specifically requires that parents refrain from inducting such
caregivers into their conflict, assuring that the caregiver is
allied with the child, not with either adult or either home.
2.
An absolute minimum of exposure to adult conflict, namely,
that “caution be exercised in relation to substantially shared care
for children under 4, especially when there are high levels of
parental conflict” (Altobelli, 2008, p. 13). This requires that each
parent have the impulse control and socioemotional maturity to
contain whatever negative emotions arise regarding and in the
presence of the child’s other parent, fully aware that the infant
will respond to the caregivers’ physiological signs of stress (e.g.,
heart rate, respiration, muscle tone) at least as much as the
caregiver’s words and actions. As a practical matter, this may
call for:
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