The shadow economy

Developing countries – early studies. ³⁵
Rivojlanayotgan mamlakatlar - dastlabki tadqiqotlar.
The size of the informal labour force in African countries during the 1990s is shown in Table 14. Gambia had the largest informal economy labour force as a proportion of the official labour force at 80 per cent, followed by Guinea with 79 per cent, Benin with 77 per cent, Rwanda with 75 per cent and the Republic of Congo with 50 per cent³⁶. Zimbabwe had the lowest rate of informal work with 34 per cent of the official labour force. For African countries, the figures show considerable variation and should really be seen as preliminary results or indications of the real size of the informal sector. If it is assumed that the informal labour force is as productive as the official economy and contributes per capita a similar added value, the informal economy national income can be calculated, which is also shown in Table 14. On average, the supply of illicit work in these 33 African countries was 54 per cent of the official labour force and 25 per cent of the population.
1990-yillarda Afrika mamlakatlaridagi norasmiy ishchi kuchining hajmi 14-jadvalda keltirilgan. Gambiya 80% rasmiy ishchi kuchi bilan eng katta norasmiy ishchi kuchiga ega, Gvineya 79%, Benin 77%, Ruanda 75 foiz va Kongo Respublikasi 50 foiz. Zimbabve norasmiy bandlikning eng past ko'rsatkichiga ega, rasmiy ishchi kuchining 34 foizi. Afrika mamlakatlari uchun ko'rsatkichlar juda katta farq qiladi va ularni dastlabki natijalar yoki norasmiy sektorning real hajmining ko'rsatkichlari sifatida ko'rib chiqish kerak. Norasmiy ishchi kuchi ham rasmiy iqtisodiyotdagi kabi samarali va aholi jon boshiga bir xil qo‘shilgan qiymat hissa qo‘shadi, deb faraz qilsak, norasmiy iqtisodiyotning milliy daromadini hisoblash mumkin, bu ham 14-jadvalda ko‘rsatilgan. O‘rtacha hisobda noqonuniy mehnat taklifi. bu 33 Afrika mamlakatlari rasmiy ishchi kuchining 54% va aholining 25% edi.


Table 14. Informal economy labour force in Africa, 1998.
Afrikadagi norasmiy iqtisodiyot ishchi kuchi, 1998 yil