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Parliament of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Plan:
The role of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the system of public authorities.
Powers and forms of activity of the Oliy Majlis.
The Senate of the Republic of Uzbekistan is a chamber of territorial representation.
Legislative activity of the Oliy Majlis.
There is a special procedure for adopting and amending the Constitution and constitutional laws.
The role of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the system of public authorities
The role and place of parliament in the system of state bodies is very important. The word parliament is derived from the French word ‘parlef’, which means to speak, to speak. When we ask why the supreme body of the state is called the ‘speaking’ body, we understand the importance of parliament. In ancient Rome and Greece, the homeland of parliament was England, although there were people's representative bodies. In 1215, tired of the tyranny of the royal government, the nobles rebelled against the royal government and proclaimed the "Great Party of Freedoms." According to him, the main issues of the state are to be adopted in consultation with the representative body of the nobility sent from the territorial units.
Until this time, the king, as far as he knew, had ruled over people's lives and property.
The emergence of parliament was a historical necessity. Because even when he was a righteous king, he would have to know the problems that existed from the representatives of the people of the whole region in order to pursue the interests of the common citizen. Parliament has formed a mechanism for the exercise of state power in the interests of ordinary people. It was the emergence of parliament that served the evolutionary development of society.
Because the parliament has found a more convenient solution for all, based on the existing social situation of the conflicts between citizens, their different groups, and ensured reconciliation and peace in society.
The Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan also embodies all the achievements of the culture of parliamentarism. According to the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the organization and activity of state power is based on the principle of separation of powers.
The legislature, the executive, and the judiciary are the three main pillars of the state. The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan enshrines the means of ensuring the harmonious functioning of these three branches of government, their compromise in general areas of public policy and the mechanism of mutual control of these bodies.
In accordance with Article 76 of the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan is the highest state representative body exercising legislative power in the Republic.
Prior to the adoption of the 1992 Constitution, the Supreme Soviet of the Republic was the highest authority.
The Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan differs from the previous Oliy Kengash in many respects. In his speech at the 1st session of the Oliy Majlis, President Islam Karimov pointed out these differences and said: “The Oliy Majlis differs from the former Supreme Soviet in its essence. From its formation to the procedures and methods of organization of its activities, this is clearly proved ” 1 .
first difference between the Oliy Majlis of the Republic and the previous Supreme Soviet of the Republic is that the Oliy Majlis was formed for the first time on a multiparty basis.
Deputies of each party form party factions in the Oliy Majlis. Through these party factions, political parties took an active part in the legislative activity of the Oliy Majlis, thus making a worthy contribution to public administration.
second difference between the Oliy Majlis of the Republic and the Oliy Majlis is that the formation of deputies of the Oliy Majlis is based on the number and location of the previous Oliy Kengash.
third difference of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic from the previous Oliy Kengash is that a certain part of the deputies of the Oliy Majlis is left for permanent work in the structures of the Oliy Majlis and its committees.
Another distinctive feature of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic is that the Oliy Majlis has become a member of a number of influential organizations due to the independent foreign policy of Uzbekistan. From the same journal: Inter-Parliamentary Union (1992), Parliamentary Assembly of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe. In order to further strengthen Uzbekistan's relations with all parliaments around the world, the Oliy Majlis has established a special committee on interparliamentary relations. In addition, the Oliy Majlis differs from the previous Supreme Council in other respects, such as the number of deputies and the age of election.
The Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan is a unicameral body. Elections to the Oliy Majlis shall be held on the basis of universal, equal and direct suffrage by secret ballot.
Upon expiration of the term of office of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan, it shall continue its activity until the new convocation of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan begins its work.
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