The publication of this Handbook was supported by the Russian Federation

Box  2.1.  Soil monitoring system [11]
According to the European standards, the soil 
monitoring is a spatial-temporal system of  observations 
of  soil properties within permanent plots involving the 
use of  a wide range of  indicators with the following 
objectives: creating informative- analytical databases, 
regionalization,  identification  of   problem  areas, 
prediction of  soil development, planning soil conservation 
measures, attraction of  subsidies to farmers, connection 
with the media, etc.
The organization of  a monitoring system relies on the 
following principles: independence from government, 
simple direct interactions between a regional laboratory 
and the Main Informational and Analytical Centre, 
discussed and agreed legislative base, coordination of  
environmental data, finance from the state budget and 
systematic progress reports to administration and the 
public.

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Soil salinity manаgement manual | Part I.Soil salinity management in the Eurasian Region 
Industrial – the main form of  current observations on soils in space and time.
Scientific – data of  a high quality and quantity can contribute to the effectiveness of  the industrial 
monitoring and, importantly, help to create more reliable forecasts. Scientific monitoring should 
be based on specially designed field experiments, equilibrium and lysimentric studies, simulation 
and mathematical models. The industrial and background monitoring should be conducted 
by  specialized  industrial  organizations  and  the  scientific  monitoring  –  by  appropriate  scientific 
institutions.