The publication of this Handbook was supported by the Russian Federation

The laboratory research stage.
At the laboratory research stage, the samples taken from saline and alkaline soils are analysed 
giving special attention to determinations of  the humus content, particle-size distribution, cation 
exchange capacity, sodium absorption ratio and the cation-anion composition of  water extract. 
The data obtained should then allow the confirmation soil varieties and a finalized list of  soil 
designations and also enable completion of  the soil map and the legend to serve as a basis for 
further recommendations regarding amelioration of  saline and alkaline soils.
2.2. Methods of assessment of modern processes of salt accumulation 
in soils using salt concentration measurements