shelf. (Kitobingizni tokchaga qo‘ying. )
Bunday holda ot o‘zbek tilida egalik qo‘shimchasiga ega bo‘lsa, artikl o‘rnida
qaratqich olmoshi ishlatiladi: Put it into your pocket. (Buni cho‘ntagingizga
soling.)
Avval eslatilgan shaxs yana takrorlansa: When I entered the room, I saw a man
standing at the window.The man was very old. (Xonaga kirganimda deraza oldida
turgan bir odamni ko‘rdim. Bu odam juda qari edi.) There lived an old doctor in
a small town. The doctor was known to everybody in the town as a very kind man.(
Bir kichkina shaharda bir doktor yashar edi. Bu doktorni mehribon shaxs sifatida
kichkina shaharda hamma bilar edi.)
Mazkur qoidaga hamma vaqt ham rioya etib bo‘lmaydi: At the port we saw a
steamer which was being loaded with grain. It was a steamer of 6000 tons.
(Portda biz don yuklanayotgan bir paroxodni ko‘rdik. Bu 6000 tonnalik paraxod
edi).
Bu holda a steamer so‘zi ikkinchi marta ishlatilganda mazkur paraxodni emas,
balki paraxodning turini ifodalaydi.
1.Dunyoda yoki mazkur sharoitda yakka bo‘lgan predmetni ifodalaydi: The earth
is millions of kilometers from the sun. (Yer quyoshdan millionlab kilometr
uzoqda.) When the bel rings the teacher enters the room.( O‘qituvchi xonaga
qo‘ng‘iroq chalinganda kiradi.)
2.Mazkur sinfga yoki aniq sharoitga tegishli predmetlar ko‘zda tutilsa,
ko‘plikdagi otdan oldin the ishlatiladi: Lake Baykal is the deepest of all the lakes
in the world. (Baykal ko‘li dunyo ko‘llari orasida eng chuquri.) Give me a list of
the students. (Talabalarning ro‘yxatini bering.) The students of our Institute learn
foreign languages.(Institutimizning talabalari xorijiy tillarni o‘rganadilar.)
Lekin quyidagi gapda studentsdan oldin the qo‘yilmaydi, chunki bu holda
talabalarning barchasi inobatga olinmaydi: He teaches English to the students of
our Institute.( U institutimiz talabalariga ingliz tilini o‘qitadi (talabalarning
barchasiga emas).
Quyidagi hollarda the umumlashtirish uchun ham ishlatiladi:
1.Bir sinfga kiruvchi barcha predmetlar o‘rnida birlikdagi otdan oldin the
ishlatiladi: The pine grows to in northern countries. (Sosna shimoliy
mamlakatlarda o‘sadi. )
2.Otlashgan sifat va sifatdoshlardan oldin the ishlatiladi: The wounded were
taken the hospital. (Yaradorlar shifoxonaga olib borildi). The poor in this country
live in the slums.( Bu mamlakatdagi kambag‘allar ko‘rimsiz uylarda
yashaydilar.)
The use of the article with the nouns having the attribute
(Aniqlovchili otlarda artiklning ishlatilishi)
Agar otning aniqlovchisi aniqlovchi ergash gap, sifatdosh konstruksiyasi yoki
predlogli konstruksiya bilan ifodalangan bo‘lsa, ot aniq, noaniq artikl, artiklsiz
yoki some/any olmoshlari bilan ishlatiladi. Bu esa aniqlovchining xususiyatiga
bog‘liq:
1. Aniqlovchi shaxs yoki predmetni shu sinfga kiruvchi boshqa shaxs va
predmetlardan ajratib, individuallashtirsa, aniq artikl ishlatiladi: I liked the film
that I saw yesterday. (Kecha ko‘rgan filmni yoqtirdim.) The books brought by
my falther are very interesting.( Dadam keltirgan kitoblar juda qiziqarli. ) I have
lost the key of my room.( Xonaning kalitini yo‘qotdim.) The apples on that tree
are quite ripe.( U daraxtdagi olmalar yaxshi pishgan.)
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