The Interplay of Synonymy and Polysemy


le LANZO un trozo de pan….  ‘I  THROW him



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le
LANZO
un trozo de pan…. 
‘I 
THROW
him
a piece of bread’ 
(38) 
LANZÓ 
al aire
su sombrero de yarey…
 
(CdE:19-F, Sombra de las Batallas, La) 
‘He 
THREW
his straw hat 
in the air
’ 
There is an example of metaphorical motion with 
lanzar
, which in the data also 
appears with the verb 
arrojar
.
(CdE:19-F, Casa grande : escenas de la...) 
(39) Hubo un Ministro de Hacienda que 
ARROJÓ
cuarenta millones más de papel 
al 
mercado

‘There was a Secretary of Treasury who 
PUT
forty million more paper
into the 
market
.’ 
paper = money 
(CdE:19-N, Cuba:CubaNet:98Jul2) 
(40) … Tran$card 
LANZÓ
al mercado de la isla
una tarjeta de débito… 
‘Tran$card 
LAUNCHED
a new debit card 
to the island’s market
’ 


65 | 
In both examples, the phrase 
al mercado
‘to the market’ appears. With 
arrojar
, the 
INITIATOR
is putting more money (
papel 
‘paper’) into the market. 
Lanzar
can mean ‘to 
present an object or work to the public’ (VOX). In (39) the company is presenting a new 
debit card to the customers of the island. Though there is only one example of this schema 
with 
lanzar 
in the 400-sentence corpus, the collostructional analysis (§4.2.5) shows that it is 
in fact common with this verb.
The distributional behavior found for the verbs 
arrojar, tirar
and 
lanzar
can already 
be explained. For all three verbs, most of the sentences with physical animate 
MOVANTS
express a typical event of throwing an object. They instantiate the 
THROWING 
schema. 
Though 
lanzar
can express this meaning, it is not the preferred use of this verb. 
Lanzar 
is 
used only limitedly to express a typical throwing event. In constrast, 
arrojar 
and 
tirar
appear 
frequently in the 
THROWING 
schema. 
Echar
also combines with physical inanimate 
MOVANTS
, but the semantics related to 
this verb are very different compared to the previous three. Only a few of the sentences with 
this 
MOVANT
type have a similar meaning to throwing a physical object. 
(CdE:19-F, El principiante) 
(41) 
El hombre
rompió el oficio en pedacitos y lo 
ECHÓ

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