66 |
(CdE:19-OR, Habla Culta: Havana: M36)
(44) No
le
ECHAMOS
crema, y aparte de eso, vaya, es más fuerte.
‘We don’t
PUT
any cream
in it
, and besides that, well, it is less strong’
In (43), the masseuse is putting talcum powder on the individual. It does not mean
that he threw it forcefully or intensely, but purposefully let it fall on the customer. Something
similar happens in (44) where the sentence is discussing a type of coffee. The verb does not
describe a scene where they launch cream into the coffee. Instead it is an act of pouring. It is
understood as pouring because the quality of cream requires pouring. In both cases, there is
less force and intensity in the action described
Echar,
in combination with
specific physical inanimate
MOVANTS
,
produces a few
meaning extensions. Some examples are given here only to show
the diverse uses of this
verb.
Echar
combines with nouns that refer to various types of locks or locking systems.
(CdE:19-F, La guaracha del macho Camacho)
(45) Graciela se encerró en la alcoba matrimonial,
ECHÓ
pestillo y lloró…
‘Graciela shut herself up in the bedchamber, locked it and cried.’
(CdE:19-F, Son de la Guitarra, Al)
(46)
…es mejor dejar guardados a los fantasmas en el clóset,
ECHAS
cerrojo y te tragas la llave.
‘it’s better to keep the ghosts hidden in the closet, lock it and swallow the key’
Echar
appears with nouns such as
pestillo
‘latch’,
cerrojo
‘bolt’,
llave
‘key’ and other
instruments for locking or protecting (REDES). In those cases, as exemplified in (45) and
(46), it means ‘to lock’. It can be understood as applying or triggering the instrument (DCP).
Echar
can also be used to refer to the production or growth of the parts of a plant.
(47)
…
el tronco sin raíz
…
ECHÓ
brotes verdes.
(CdE:19-F, El peldaño gris)
‘
The trunk without roots
SPROUTED
green shoots’
(CdE:19-N, España:ABC)
(48)
Aquí
ECHÓ
sus raíces y conectó con el mundo artístico…
‘Here s/he
SET DOWN
roots and connected with the artistic world’
With plants (47),
echar
can
refer to the growth of roots, leaves, flowers, fruit etc.
(DELE). These phrases can also be understood metaphorically. In (48), the phrase
echar
raíces
means to ‘establish oneself, to make a new life in a place that is not one’s own’
(DDFH). This is an example of an idiomatic phrase.
67 |
One final example of a fixed expression combines
echar
with the noun
tierra
‘soil’.
(CdE:19-N, Perú:Caretas:1445)
(49)
instancias superiores de la jerarquía militar
disuelven el equipo y
ECHAN
tierrita
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