The Interplay of Synonymy and Polysemy


onto the bricks of the dungeon



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thesis

onto the bricks of the dungeon
’ 
In both examples, the 
INITIATOR
is a different entity than the 
MOVANT
. In some cases 
both elements can refer to the same individual.
(17) … 
ella
lo ve y se 
LANZA
encima de él
… 
(CdE: 19-F, Manzanos) 
‘She sees him and 
THROWS
herself 
on top of him
’ 
This sentence includes both an 
INITIATOR
(
ella 
‘she’) and a 
MOVANT
(marked by 
se 
the third person clitic). It just so happens that the 
INITIATOR
and the 
MOVANT
refer to the 
same individual. The 
INITIATOR
is acting on herself (Cifuentes Férez 2008:144). The clitic in 
(17) is a true reflexive clitic because it is part of the nominal paradigm (Gómez Torrego 
1998:10). That is, the clitic can be replaced by 
lo, 
the third person singular non-reflexive 
clitic (or any other clitic), and describe a situation of throwing another individual. But 
sometimes clitics that look like reflexives do not pattern like normal reflexive clitics. 
(1)
Aauí al bateador se le echa de ver.
(CdE:19-N, CR:PrLibre:98Jun28) 
Here to.the batter CL.3
rd
CL.3
rd
.nonrf throw.3rd of see.inf 
‘Here, you can tell it about the batter’ 
(CdE:19-F, Maladrón: epopeya de los An...) 
(2) 
El pez, cazador doméstico y amaestrado, se lanza como dardo… 
the fish, hunter domestic and trained, CL.3
rd
throws like dart 
‘The fish, a domestic and trained hunter, throws itself like a dart’ 
 
(3) 
Pat Hengten tiró siete entradas… 
(CdE:19-N, DR:Listin:98Jun22) 
NAME NAME threw seven innings 
‘Pat Hengten threw seven innings.



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