The essence and content of the term philosophy

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1. Universal problems, their main direction and characteristics of manifestation. Umumjahon muammolar deganda, ularning joylashuvi, madaniyati yoki ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy holatidan qat'i nazar, butun dunyo bo'ylab odamlarga ta'sir ko'rsatadigan muammolar tushuniladi. Bu muammolar odatda murakkab, ko'p qirrali va ko'pincha o'zaro bog'liqdir. Umumjahon muammolarning asosiy xususiyatlaridan biri shundaki, ular muayyan kontekstga qarab turli yo'llar bilan namoyon bo'ladi. Umumjahon muammolari va ularning asosiy yo'nalishlari va namoyon bo'lish xususiyatlariga ba'zi misollar:(1) Qashshoqlik: Qashshoqlik butun dunyo bo'ylab odamlarga ta'sir qiladigan universal muammodir. Bu kam ta'minlangan uy xo'jaliklarida, toza suv, sog'liqni saqlash va ta'lim kabi asosiy ehtiyojlarga ega bo'lmaslik, ishsizlikning yuqori darajasi va jinoyatchilikda namoyon bo'ladi.(2) Iqlim o'zgarishi: Iqlim o'zgarishi ham issiqxona gazlari emissiyasidan kelib chiqadigan universal muammodir. Bu dengiz sathining ko'tarilishi, ob-havoning o'zgarishi, bo'ronlar, qurg'oqchilik va yong'inlar kabi tabiiy ofatlar va biologik xilma-xillikning pasayishida namoyon bo'ladi.(3) Tengsizlik: Tengsizlik universal muammo bo'lib, daromadlar tengsizligi, gender tengsizligi, irqiy kamsitish va ijtimoiy chetlanish kabi turli ko'rinishlarda namoyon bo'ladi.(4) Salomatlik: Salomatlik - bu kasalliklar, to'yib ovqatlanmaslik, ruhiy salomatlik buzilishlari va tibbiy xizmatlardan foydalanishning etishmasligi kabi turli shakllarda namoyon bo'ladigan universal muammo.(5) Ta'lim: Ta'lim universal muammo bo'lib, u ta'lim olishning tengsizligi, sifatsiz ta'lim va o'qituvchilar va talabalar uchun cheklangan resurslarda namoyon bo'ladi.Xulosa qilib aytadigan bo'lsak, umuminsoniy muammolar - bu turli yo'llar bilan namoyon bo'ladigan va butun dunyo bo'ylab odamlarga ta'sir qiladigan murakkab muammolar. Ushbu muammolarni hal qilish ular namoyon bo'ladigan o'ziga xos kontekstlarni hisobga oladigan ko'p qirrali yondashuvni talab qiladi.( Universal problems refer to issues that affect people across the globe, regardless of their location, culture, or socioeconomic status. These problems are usually complex, multifaceted, and often interrelated. One of the main characteristics of universal problems is that they tend to manifest in various ways depending on the specific context. Here are some examples of universal problems and their main directions and characteristics of manifestation:(1) Poverty: Poverty is a universal problem that affects people worldwide. It manifests in low-income households, lack of access to basic necessities like clean water, healthcare, and education, high levels of unemployment, and crime.(2) Climate change: Climate change is also a universal problem caused by the emission of greenhouse gases. It manifests in rising sea levels, changing weather patterns, natural disasters like hurricanes, droughts, and wildfires, and a decline in biodiversity.(3) Inequality: Inequality is a universal problem that manifests in different forms such as income inequality, gender inequality, racial discrimination, and social exclusion.(4) Health: Health is a universal problem that manifests in various forms such as diseases, malnutrition, mental health disorders, and a lack of access to healthcare services.(5) Education: Education is a universal problem that manifests in unequal access to education, poor quality education, and limited resources for teachers and students.In conclusion, universal problems are complex issues that manifest in various ways and affect people worldwide. Addressing these problems requires a multi-faceted approach that takes into account the specific contexts where they manifest.)