Tertium Organum



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Tertium-Organum-by-P-D-Ouspensky

appeared 
to move, therefore it was alive. Probably 
everything that moves is alive for an animal. Why does a dog bark so 
furiously at a passing carriage? We do not quite understand it. We do not see 
how a passing carriage turns, twists and grimaces in the eyes of a dog. It is 
full of life - the wheels, the roof, the mudguards, the seats, the passengers ­
all this is moving, turning. . . . 
Now let us summarize our deductions. 
We have established that a man possesses sensations, representations and 
concepts; that higher animals possess sensations and representations, and 
lower animals only sensations. We deduced that an animal has no concepts 
mainly from the fact that it has no words, no speech. We have further 
established that, having no concepts, animals cannot comprehend the third 
dimension and only see the world as a surface. In other words they have no 
means, no instrument, for correcting their wrong sensations of the world. 
Then we found that, seeing the world as a surface, animals see on this surface 
a great many movements non-existent for us. That is, all those properties of 
bodies which we regard as the properties of their three-dimensionality, must 
appear as 
movements
to them. Thus an angle and a spherical surface must 
appear to them as motion of the plane. Further, we came to the conclusion 
that everything which, for us, belongs to the domain of the third dimension as 
something 
constant,
animals must regard as transient occurrences happening 
to objects - as time-phenomena. 
Thus, in all its relations to the world an animal proves to be completely
analogous to the unreal two-dimensional being which we have supposed lived 
on a plane. The whole of our world appears to an animal as a plane through 
which phenomena are passing, moving according to time or in time. 
So we can say that we have established the following: that with a certain 
limitation of the mental apparatus which perceives the external world, for a 
subject possessing such an apparatus the whole aspect and all the properties 
of the world must change. And two subjects, living side by side but 
possessing different mental apparatuses, must live in different worlds - the 
properties of the extension of the world must be quite different for them. 
Moreover, we have seen conditions - not artificial and invented but actually 


existing in nature, i.e. the mental conditions of the life of animals -in which the world 
appears as a plane or even as a line. 
In other words we have established that the three-dimensional extension of the world 
depends for us on the properties of our mental apparatus; or, that the world's three­
dimensionality is not its own property, but merely the property of 
our
perception of the 
world. 
To put it differently, the three-dimensionality of the world is the property of its 
reflection in our consciousness. 
If all this is so, it is clear that we have really proved the dependence of space on 
space-sense. 
And, since we have proved the 
existence of
a space-sense 
lower than 
ours,
by this very fact we have proved the possibility of a space-sense 
higher than 
ours. 
And we must admit that 
if a fourth unit 
of thinking becomes formed in us, as 
different from the concept as the concept is different from the representation, then, 
simultaneously with this, there will appear for us in the surrounding world a fourth 
characteristic which we may call geometrically a fourth direction or a fourth 
perpendicular, because this characteristic will contain properties of objects 
perpendicular to all properties known to us and not parallel to any of them. In other 
words, we shall see or feel ourselves not in a space of three, but of four dimensions, 
and the surrounding objects as well as our own bodies will reveal the 

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