In those ways in which we tend to
form organic unions -
unions in which the activities of individuals coalesce in a
living way.
The coherence of a military empire or of a subjugated population, presenting no
natural nucleus of growth is not one through which we should hope to grow into
direct contact with our higher destinies. But in friendship, in voluntary associations,
and above all, in the family, we tend towards our greater life. . . .
Just as, to explore the distant stars of the heavens, a particular material
arrangement is necessary which we call a telescope, so to explore the nature of the
beings who are
higher than us,
a mental arrangement is necessary. We must prepare
our power of thinking as we prepare a more extended power of looking. We want a
structure developed inside the skull for the one purpose, while an exterior telescope
will do for the other.*
* C. H. Hinton,
A New Era of Thought,
London, George Allen & Unwin, 1910.
This animation of the universe proceeds in the most varied directions.
This tree
is a
living being. The birch tree in general -
the species
— is a living being. A birch grove
is also a living being. A forest containing different kinds of trees, grass, flowers, ants,
beetles, birds, animals - is also a living being, living by the life of everything
composing it, thinking and feeling for everything which goes to make it up.
This idea is expressed in a very interesting way in the article by P. Florensky 'Roots
of Idealism common to all Mankind'
(Theological Messenger
', 1909, II).
Are there many people for whom a forest is not merely a collective noun and a
rhetorical personification, i.e. a pure fiction, but something which is one and alive? . .
. Real oneness is the oneness of self-consciousness. . . . Are there many who recognise
the oneness of a forest, i.e. the living soul of the forest as an entity - the
wood-spirit,
the
Old Nick?
Do you consent to recognize undines and water-sprites - those souls of
the aquatic element?
The life activity of such composite beings as forests is not the same as the life
activity of
individual species
of plants and animals, and the life activity of
species
is
not the same as the life activity of separate individuals.
To be more exact, the difference of functions expressed in different life activity
points to the differences in the mental life of the different 'organisms'. The life activity
of a
separate birch leaf
is naturally infinitely below the life activity of a
tree',
the life
activity of a tree is not the same as that of a species; and the life of a species is not the
same as the life of a forest.
The functions of these four 'lives' are totally different, and so their intelligences must
be correspondingly different too.
The intelligence of an individual cell of the human body must be as much lower in
comparison with the intelligence of the body, i.e. the 'physical mind of man', as its life
activity is lower in comparison with the life activity of the whole organism.
Thus, from a certain point of view, we may regard the noumenon of a phenomenon
as the soul of that phenomenon; in other words we may say that the hidden
soul of a
phenomenon
is its noumenon. The concept of the
soul of a phenomenon
or the
noumenon of a phenomenon
includes life and consciousness, and their functions in
sections of the world incomprehensible to us - the manifestation of which in our sphere
constitutes a phenomenon.
The idea of an animate universe leads inevitably to the idea of the 'World Soul' — a
'Being' whose manifestation is the visible universe.
The idea of the 'World Soul' was most picturesquely understood in ancient religions
of India. The mystic poem, the
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