Teacher : S. Maksimova Student : S. G’ulomov



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YK va YF Sirtqi 123 guruh G\'ulomov Sarvar Engliz tili

 
Religion 
 
Christianity has been the largest religion by number of adherents since the Early 
Middle Ages: it was introduced under the ancient Romans, developing as Celtic 
Christianity. According to tradition, Christianity arrived in the 1st or 2nd century. 
The most popular form is Anglicanism (known as Episcopalism in Scotland). 
Dating from the 16th-century Reformation, it regards itself as 
both Catholic and Reformed. The Head of the Church is the monarch of the United 
Kingdom, as the Supreme Governor. It has the status of established church in 
England. There are just over 26 million adherents to Anglicanism in Britain 
today,
[93]
 although only around one million regularly attend services. The second 
largest Christian practice is the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church, which 
traces its history to the 6th century with Augustine's mission and was the main 
religion for around a thousand years. There are over 5 million adherents today, 
4.5 million in England and Wales
[94]
 and 750,000 in Scotland,
[95]
 although fewer 
than a million Catholics regularly attend mass.
 

The Church of Scotland, a form of Protestantism with a Presbyterian system of 


ecclesiastical polity, is the third most numerous on the island with around 
2.1 million members.
[97]
 Introduced in Scotland by clergyman John Knox, it has the 
status of national church in Scotland. The monarch of the United Kingdom is 
represented by a Lord High Commissioner. Methodism is the fourth largest and 
grew out of Anglicanism through John Wesley.
[98]
 It gained popularity in the old 
mill towns of Lancashire and Yorkshire, also amongst tin miners 
in Cornwall.
[99]
 The Presbyterian Church of Wales, which follows Calvinistic 
Methodism, is the largest denomination in Wales. There are other non-
conformist minorities, such as Baptists, Quakers, the United Reformed Church (a 
union of Congregationalists and English Presbyterians), Unitarians.
[100]
 The 
first patron saint of Great Britain was Saint Alban.
[101]
 He was the first Christian 
martyr dating from the Romano-British period, condemned to death for his faith 
and sacrificed to the pagan gods.
[102]
 In more recent times, some have suggested the 
adoption of St Aidan as another patron saint of Britain.
[103]
 From Ireland, he 
worked at Iona amongst the Dál Riata and then Lindisfarne where he restored 
Christianity to Northumbria.
[103]
 


The three constituent countries of the United Kingdom have patron saints: Saint 
George and Saint Andrew are represented in the flags 
of England and Scotland respectively.
[104]
 These two flags combined to form the 
basis of the Great Britain royal flag of 1604.
[104]
 Saint David is the patron saint of 
Wales.
[105]
 There are many other British saints. Some of the best known 
are Cuthbert, Columba, Patrick, Margaret, Edward the Confessor, Mungo, Thomas 
More, Petroc, Bede, and Thomas Becket.
[105]
 
Numerous other religions are practised.
[106]
 The 2011 census recorded 
that Islam had around 2.7 million adherents (excluding Scotland with about 
76,000).
[107]
 More than 1.4 million people (excluding Scotland's about 38,000) 
believe in Hinduism, Sikhism, or Buddhism—religions that developed in the Indian 
subcontinent and Southeast Asia.
[107]
 Judaism figured slightly more than Buddhism 
at the 2011 census, having 263,000 adherents (excluding Scotland's about 
6000).
[107]
 Jews have inhabited Britain since 1070. However those resident and 
open about their religion were expelled from England in 1290, replicated in some 
other Catholic countries of the era. Jews were permitted to re-establish settlement 
as of 1656, in the interregnum which was a peak of anti-Catholicism.
[108]
 Most Jews 
in Great Britain have ancestors who fled for their lives, particularly from 19th 
century Lithuania and the territories occupied by Nazi Germany. 

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