Ta’lim sohasi: 110000 Pedagogika Ta’lim yo`nalishi

Classification of morphemes
Morphemes may be classified:a) from thesemantic point of view,b) from the structural point ofview.
a) Semantically morphemes fall into two classes: r o o t -m o r p h e m e s and n o n - r o o t or a f f i x a t i o n a l m o r p h e m e s . Roots and affixes make two distinct classes of morphemesdue to the different roles they play in word-structure.
Roots and affixational morphemes are generally easily distinguishedand the difference between them is clearly felt as, e.g., in the words helpless,handy, blackness, Londoner, refill, etc.: the root-morphemes help-, hand-, black-, London, -fill are understood as the lexical centres of thewords, as the basic constituent part of a word without which the word isinconceivable.
T h e r o o t - m o r p h e m e is the lexical nucleus of a word, ithas an individual lexical meaning shared by no other morpheme of thelanguage. Besides it may also possess all other types of meaning proper tomorphemes1 except the part-of-speech meaning which is not found inroots. The root-morpheme is isolated as the morpheme common to a set ofwords making up a word-cluster, for example the morpheme teach-in toteach, teacher, teaching, theor- in theory, theorist, theoretical, etc.
N o n - r o o t m o r p h e m e s include inflectional morphemes orinflections and affixational morphemes or affixes. Inflect i ons carry onlygrammatical meaning and are thus relevant only for the formation of wordforms,whereas affixes are relevant for building various types of stems —the part of a word that remains unchanged throughout it s paradigm. Lexicologyis concerned only with affixational morphemes.
A f f i x e s are classified into p r e f i x e s and s u f f i x e s : aprefix precedes the root-morpheme, a suffix follows it . Affixes besidesthe meaning proper to root-morphemes possess the part-of-speech meaningand a generalised lexical meaning.
b) Structurally morphemes fall into three types: f r e e morph e m e s , b o u n d m o r p h e m e s , s e m i - f r e e ( s e m i - b o u n d ) m o r p h e m e s .