Schneiderman Prelims Vol-I. qxd

HYPERPIGMENTATION, PATCHY
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Schneiderman page 200-300.qxd 5/16/2006 6:49 PM Page 259

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Ochronosis, exogenous – due to benzene-containing
substances, hydroquinone, mercury, phenol, quinine injections,
resorcinol, antimalarials 
Am J Clin Dermatol 2:213–217, 2001;
JAAD 42:869–871, 2000; JAAD 39:527–544, 1998; Cutis
62:11–12, 1998; BJD 93:613–622, 1975; hydroquinones –
speckled hyperpigmentation 
JAAD 29:662–664, 1993
Riehl’s melanosis – pigmented contact dermatitis due to
fragrances 
JAAD 21:1057–1060, 1989; hyperpigmentation of
face (forehead and temples), chest, neck, scalp, hands,
forearms – tar compounds and cosmetics 
Rook p.1790, 1998,
Sixth Edition
Silver nitrate – gray nails 
Ghatan p.78, 2002, Second Edition
Stain
Tattoo, accidental; tattoo pigment fanning – periorbital
hyperpigmentation 
Cutis 68:53–55, 2001
Tea – brown stained teeth 
Rook p.3051, 1998, Sixth Edition
INFECTIONS AND INFESTATIONS
AIDS – photodermatitis, lichenoid dermatitis
Aspergillus – green nails Ghatan p.78, 2002, Second Edition
Candida
Epidermophyton floccosum – green nails Ghatan p.78, 2002,
Second Edition
Erythrasma – intertriginous and perigenital;
Corynebacterium
minutissimum; red to brown irregularly shaped and sharply
marginated scaly and slightly creased patches of groin, axillae,
intergluteal, submammary flexures, toe webs coral-red
fluorescence with Wood’s light examination due to
coproporphyrin; toe clefts are most frequent location; acanthosis
nigricans and normal follicular openings of face and trunk may
show coral pink fluorescence 
Rev Infect Dis 4:1220–1235, 1982
HTLV-1 – hyperpigmented facial dermatitis
Leishmaniasis – kala-azar;
Leishmania donovani – pedal
edema; primary ulcer; hyperpigmented skin of face, hands, feet
abdomen 
Rook p.1419, 1998, Sixth Edition; post-kala-azar
leishmaniasis
Lyme borreliosis 
(Borrelia burgdorferi ) – acrodermatitis chronica
atrophicans – red to blue nodules or plaques; tissue-paper-like
wrinkling; pigmented; poikilodermatous; hands, feet, elbows,
knees 
BJD 121:263–269, 1989:Int J Derm 18:595–601, 1979
Millipede defensive secretions – mahogany pigmentation 
Cutis
67:452, 2001; Ped Derm 8:25–27, 1991; periorbital
hyperpigmentation 
JAAD 50:819–842, 2004
Onchocerciasis – inflammatory rash with hyperpigmentation
(mal morado) 
Rook p.1383, 1998, Sixth Edition
Pediculosis – body louse (Vagabond’s disease) 
Pinta – tertiary (late phase) – gray, steel, ashy, bluish spotted
hyperpigmentation 
Rook p.1274, 1998, Sixth Edition
Portuguese man-of-war sting
Pseudomonas – green nails 
Ghatan p.78, 2002, Second Edition
Rubella, congenital – hyperpigmentation of forehead, cheeks,
umbilical area; seborrhea, cutis marmorata 
JAAD 46:161–183,
2002; J Pediatr 71:311–331, 1967
Syphilis, secondary – diffuse hyperpigmentation of neck and
shoulders with depigmented macules (mottled) 
Rook p.1786,
1998, Sixth Edition; brown nails Ghatan p.78, 2002,
Second Edition
Tinea corporis
Tinea nigra palmaris – 
Phaeoannelomyces werneckii Ped Derm
20:315–317, 2003; AD 11:904–905, 1975
Tinea versicolor 
Semin Dermatol 4:173–184, 1985
Yaws