Samarkand iktisodiyot va servis instituti

Exercise 5.

a) Remember the meanings of the word one: 1. numeral; 2. adjective; 3. pronoun; 4. to substitute a noun.

1. numeral one, two, three
one from ten
thirty one
one o’clock
one hundred
2. adjective one morning, one summer
3. pronoun One cannot always find time for reading.
4. to substitute a noun. He gave me a number of English books and some German ones.

b) State the functions of one and translate the sentences.

1. I have only one question to ask you.
2. One can see the Admiralty building on the left bank of the Neva.
3. The green car is mine and the black one is hers.
4. One should cross the street being very careful.
5. We respect one another’s privacy.

Exercise 6. Translate the sentences paying attention to the words: one, ones, another, other(s).

1. One reason is that the British government is still deciding how to regulate the terms on which other broadcasters have access to Sky’s digital system. Another is the hope that the cost of decoder boxes will fall.
2. Some analysts nowadays treat General Motors as a turnaround stock, others continue to believe it would be broken up.
3. Like other risk managers, they use index futures.
4. Some people transfer ownership to other family members.
5. Taiwan was the first of the four Asian nations to replace an inward-oriented policy with an outward-oriented one.
6. Where are the other magazines?
7. There are only some catalogues here, where are the others?
8. I don’t like these examples, have you any others?
9. The other day we converted some dollars into rubles.
10. One currency is calculated in terms of another.
The political system of The Great Britain
The Kingdom of Great Britain, officially called simply Great Britain,^[1] was a sovereign state in western Europe from 1 May 1707 to 31 December 1800. The state came into being following the Treaty of Union in 1706, ratified by the Acts of Union 1707, which united the kingdoms of England and Scotland to form a single kingdom encompassing the whole island of Great Britain and its outlying islands, with the exception of the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands. It also did not include Ireland, which remained a separate realm. The unitary state was governed by a single parliament and government that was based in Westminster. The former kingdoms had been in personal union since James VI, King of Scots, became King of England and King of Ireland in 1603 following the death ofQueen Elizabeth I, bringing about the "Union of the Crowns". Also after the accession of King George I to the throne of Great Britain in 1714, the kingdom was in a personal union with the Electorate of Hanover.
The early years of the unified kingdom were marked by Jacobite risings which ended in defeat for the Stuart cause at Culloden in 1746. In 1763, victory in the Seven Years' War led to the dominance of the British Empire, which was to become the foremost global power for over a century and slowly grew to become the largest empire in history.
The Kingdom of Great Britain was replaced by the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland on 1 January 1801 with the Acts of Union 1800.^[2]
The kingdoms of England and Scotland, both in existence from the 9th century (with England incorporating Wales in the 16th century), were separate states until 1707. However, they had come into a personal union in 1603, when James VI of Scotland became king of England under the name of James I. This Union of the Crowns under the House of Stuart meant that the whole of the island of Great Britain was now ruled by a single monarch, who by virtue of holding the English crown also ruled over the Kingdom of Ireland. Each of the three kingdoms maintained its own parliament and laws. Various smaller islands were in the king's domain, including theIsle of Man and the Channel Islands.
This disposition changed dramatically when the Acts of Union 1707 came into force, with a single unified Crown of Great Britain and a single unified parliament.^[17] Ireland remained formally separate, with its own parliament, until the Acts of Union 1800. The Union of 1707 provided for a Protestant-only succession to the throne in accordance with the English Act of Settlement of 1701; rather than Scotland's Act of Security of 1704, which ceased to have effect. The Act of Settlement required that the heir to the English throne be a descendant of the Electress Sophia of Hanover and not be a Catholic; this brought about the Hanoverian succession of George I in 1714.
Legislative power was vested in the Parliament of Great Britain, which replaced both the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland.^[18] In practice it was a continuation of the English parliament, sitting at the same location in Westminster, expanded to include representation from Scotland. As with the former Parliament of England and the modernParliament of the United Kingdom, the Parliament of Great Britain was formally constituted of three elements: the House of Commons, the House of Lords, and the Crown. The right of the English peerage to sit in the House of Lords remained unchanged, while the disproportionately large Scottish peerage was permitted to send only 16 representative peers, elected from amongst their number for the life of each parliament. Similarly, the members of the former English House of Commons continued as members of the British House of Commons, but as a reflection of the relative tax bases of the two countries the number of Scottish representatives was reduced to 45. Newly created peers in thePeerage of Great Britain were given the automatic right to sit in the Lords.^[19] Despite the end of a separate parliament for Scotland, it retained its own laws and system of courts, As its own established Presbyterian Church, and control over its own schools. The social structure was highly hierarchical, and the same elite remain in control after 1707.^[20]Scotland continued to have its own excellent universities, and with the strong intellectual community, especially in Edinburgh, The Scottish Enlightenment had a major impact on British, American and European thinking.
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a constitutional (or parliamentary) monarchy. Legislative power belongs to the Queen (formally) and the Parliament. Officially the head of the state is the Queen (from 1952 – Elizabeth II). The monarch has very little power and can only reign with the support of parliament. The monarch, be it king or queen, is the head of the executive body, an integral part of the legisla­ture, the head of the judicial body, the commander-in-chief of the armed forces of the crown, the head of the Established Curch of England and the head of the British Commonwealth of Nations.
Parliament consists of two chambers known as the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The United Kingdom has no a written constitution. The British con­stitution is based on Acts of Parliament (also called “laws” or “statutes”) and “conventions”, which are commonly ac­cepted assumptions about the way things should be done.Parliament and the monarch have different roles in the government of the country, and they only meet together on symbolic occasions such as the coronation of a new monarch or the opening of Parliament. In reality, the House of Commons is the only one of the three which has true power. It is here that new bills are introduced and de­bated. The House of Lords has limited powers, and the monarch has not refused to sign one since the modern political sys­tem began over 200 years ago.The object of our report is to consider all the branches of political system in Great Britain.The United Kingdom is one of six constitutional monarchies within Europe (the other five being Belgium, Denmark, the Netherlands, Norway and Spain). Britain’s monarchy is the oldest, dating back to the 9th century. It existed four centuries before the Parliament and three centuries before the law courts. The present monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, is directly descended from Saxon king Egbert, who united England under his rule in 829.