2.2
Mathematical Theatrical Evenings and Oral
Mathematics Journals
The activities discussed in this section can go by different names, but
all of them involve asking students to participate (on the stage or as
members of an audience) in a theatrical presentation. Most often, such
forms of extracurricular work are used with students of grades 5–7: their
purpose is not so much to teach students mathematics, and maybe not
even to get students interested in mathematics, as to demonstrate the
“human face” of mathematics.
The script of a mathematical theatrical evening may include, for
example, the following sections (Falke, 2005):
• Presentations about mathematics delivered from the point of
view of other school subjects (mathematics and Russian literature,
mathematics and physics, etc.);
• A parade of the “components of mathematical beauty” (students
who represent symmetry, proportion, periodicity, etc., tell about
these concepts, offering examples);
• A reading of poems about mathematics;
• A story about some great mathematician;
• Scenes with mathematical content, performed by the students;
• Mathematical questions for the audience; and so on.
Naturally, for such a theatrical evening to be a success, it is necessary
to write a good script, do a good deal of rehearsing, possibly prepare
costumes, and so on. None of these activities are usually considered
mathematical; nonetheless, it may be expected that the teacher who has
undertaken to supervise them will endow the students with a positive
attitude toward studying mathematics.
Stepanov (1991) described an “oral journal” for seventh graders in
a school, the purpose of which was to publicize a new mathematical
elective being offered: “The pages of the journal were given to a
ninth grader (“Sufficient Conditions for Divisibility”), an eighth grader
(“How People Counted in Ancient Russia”), a mathematics teacher
(“Symmetry in Mathematics and Around Us”), and the economist
parent of one of the students” (p. 6). After the conclusion of the
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Russian Mathematics Education: Programs and Practices
journal, the program of the new elective was displayed, and students
had a chance to sign up for the course.
Actual mathematical activity — problem solving — is usually not a
large part of such theatrical evenings. The “questions for the audience,”
mentioned above, may be completely elementary: “Can the product
of two integers be equal to one of them?”, “Is the difference of
two positive integers always a positive integer?” (Falke, 2005, p. 28).
However, a theatrical evening may also include a small competition in
which students solve more difficult problems.
As an example of such an entertaining and comparatively easy prob-
lem, consider a question given at the so-called “mathematics festival”
in Moscow, which constitutes a special Olympiad for grades 6 and 7:
A kilogram of beef with bones costs 78 rubles, a kilogram of
beef without bones costs 90 rubles, and a kilogram of bones costs
15 rubles. How many grams of bones are there in a kilogram of beef?
(Yaschenko, 2005, p. 10)
To solve this problem, it is enough to note that a whole kilogram
of beef costs 75 rubles more than a kilogram of bones, and 12 rubles
more than a kilogram of beef with bones. Consequently, the share of
bones in a kilogram of beef with bones is
12
75
=
4
25
. From this, it is clear
that a kilogram of beef with bones contains 160 grams of bones.
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