see also
collaboration
elite, Roman, 12–13, 22–3, 27–8, 33,
35, 76–7, 125
economic activities, 81–2, 85, 91,
93, 99–101
emperor, 54–5, 67–8, 118–19, 133
European Union, 8
evidence, 12–13, 24–5, 47
exploitation, 36–7, 66–8, 72–3
Fascism, Italian, 2, 3, 38, 103
fear, 21, 25–6, 32, 43, 69
Ferguson, Niall, 7–8
France, imperialism of, 2, 3, 103,
129–30, 131
see also
Napoleon
frontiers, 47–8
Gaul, 30, 42, 46, 55–6, 58
cultural change, 111, 113
economic development, 78, 89,
94–5, 97–8
religious change, 123–4
Germania, 46, 58
Gibbon, Edward, 128, 133
globalisation, 6, 8, 11, 31, 40–1, 74,
96, 98, 115, 121–2
governor, Roman, 42–3, 48–50, 54,
60–2, 65–7
grain, 26, 66, 78–9, 81, 89
Greece, 24, 30, 49–50, 93–4, 97–8
responses to Rome, 121–2
greed, 24, 26–7, 33, 35, 72
Hannibal, 16
Hardt, M. & Negri, A., 8, 127, 128
Haverfield, Francis, 107–10, 130
health, 99
Hegel, G.W.F., 129
Holy Roman Empire, 2
Hume, David, 129
Huntington, Samuel, 103
identity, 113, 114, 115, 120, 121, 122,
124, 127
ideology, 25–6, 27–9, 115–19, 135
images, 116, 118, 126
imperial cult, 118–19
imperialism, 18–19
critiques, 5–6, 24, 40, 71
justifications , 8–9, 17–18, 31,
103–4
theories, 2–3, 5, 6–7, 10, 20–1,
40–1, 70–2, 133–4
see also
‘accidental empire’,
‘defensive imperialism’, ‘economic
imperialism’
imperium
, 13, 17
India, 2–3, 4, 10, 31, 39–40, 48,
103–4, 105–6, 110
industry, 93, 94
institutions, 74–5
international relations theory, 31–2
Iraq, 8
Italy, 51, 78, 88, 90–2, 97–8
Judaea, 45, 58–9, 120
Kant, Immanuel, 130
kleptocracy, 68–9
labour, 86–7, 90–2, 93
Lal, Deepak, 40
Late Antiquity, 132–3
Latin, 6, 103, 125–6
law, 63, 83–4
legitimisation, 8–9, 37
Lenin, V.I., 20–1
luxury, 129
Macedonia, 26, 30, 43
manifest destiny, 1, 7
Mann, Michael, 40, 96, 107
markets, 70–1, 73, 77
Marx, Karl, 1, 5, 130, 134–5
mines and mining, 26, 27, 76, 87
modernisation, 70–1
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159
modernity, 1, 4–5, 11, 20, 56, 102,
129, 130
Mommsen, Theodor, 107–8
Morris, William, 130
Napoleon, 4, 20
narrative, 11–12
Nazi Germany, 2, 38
Nero, 45
networks, 125–7
pacification, 53, 58
patronage, 62, 63
peace, 37–8, 41–8, 68–9, 116
peasants, 34–5, 77, 89, 90–1, 94, 100
periphery, 30–1, 55
piracy, 83
Pliny the Elder, 44, 116
Pliny the Younger, 50–1, 61–2, 100,
122
politics, Roman, 21–3, 28, 33, 35,
47–8, 57, 62
Polybius, 16, 22, 23
Pompey, 35
porridge, 80
post-colonialism, 10–11, 30, 111–12
poverty, 34, 36, 99, 121
productivity, 86, 96–7
profits of empire, 26, 76–7
propaganda, 116–17
publicani
, 27, 64, 66
race and racism, 52, 106, 132
rationality, 23, 30, 32, 48, 74, 103
reflexivity, 121–2
religion, Roman, 4, 57, 59, 104, 106,
118–19, 122–4
resistance, 41–3, 46–8, 58–9, 112
revolts and revolution, 43, 45, 130,
132
ritual, 118
roads, 43, 82
Roman culture, influence of, 1, 13
Roman empire
as a model, 1–11, 110–11, 128–9,
134–5
expansion of, 15–16, 23–4, 32, 47,
69
historiography, 9–10, 12, 18, 23
ideology, 45
images, 44, 116–17
longevity, 38, 41, 68–9
Roman imperialism, 10, 13, 17–25,
32–8
Romanisation, 10, 46, 53, 56, 80,
110–11, 115, 127
as a concept, 107–15
Rome, city of, 35–6, 45
economic role, 70, 75, 79, 81, 82,
88, 95
Romulus, 51
Rostovtzeff, M.I., 107, 131
Russia, 2
Sallust, 24, 28
Schumpeter, J.A., 20–1, 29
Seeley, J.R., 102, 103
senate, 21–2, 29, 35, 66–7
Seneca, 63, 106
Sicily, 15, 41, 43, 46, 49
economic development, 78, 90
slavery, 5, 8, 16, 35–6, 72, 90–5, 117,
132
Smith, Adam, 3, 72, 129
social status, 111, 120
social structure, 29, 53, 57–8, 120
Social War, 51
‘soft power’, 6
Spain, imperialism of, 2–3, 6, 17–18,
20, 40, 103
Spain, Roman, 26, 30, 42–3, 46
economic development, 78, 89,
94–5, 97–8
Spengler, Oswald, 131
Stalin, Josef, 132
state, 74–5, 131
Steuart, James, 72
Strabo, 44
surplus, 56–7, 73–4, 77, 80, 86
syncretism, 123–4
Tacitus, 38, 41, 45, 47, 62–3, 102
taxes, 26, 34, 49, 59, 64, 66, 68, 75, 76
technology, 4, 11, 70, 86–8, 130
terrorism, 7, 131
Teutoberger Forest, 46
Thucydides, 103
Tiberius, 44, 46
Tocqueville, Alexander de, 3
trade, 70, 72, 77–8, 81–3, 89
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the roman empIre
traders, 27, 81, 85, 100
Trajan, 50–1, 61–2
transaction costs, 83–5, 125–6
transport, 81–2
tribalisation, 55
triumph, 28–9, 48
United States, 2, 4, 52, 129–30, 131
as an imperial power, 6–8, 20, 31,
40, 72, 128
urbanisation, 55–7, 104, 119, 123–4
see also
cities
Velleius Paterculus, 44
Verres, Gaius, 41, 65–7
Vespasian, 44, 45
villa, 80, 88–9, 90–2, 95
Virgil, 1, 13, 45, 126
Wallerstein, Immanuel, 96
war, 14–15, 28, 31–2, 43
water, 88
wealth, 23, 24, 26–7, 35, 76–7, 85,
101
wine, 78–80, 87, 113
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Document Outline - Cover
- Contents
- Acknowledgements
- Timeline
- Introduction: ‘Empire Without End’
- 1. ‘Carthage Must Be Destroyed’: The Dynamics of Roman Imperialism
- 2. ‘They Make a Desert and Call it Peace’:The Nature of Roman Rule
- 3. ‘The Emporium of the World’: The Economic Impact of Empire
- 4. ‘They Called it “Civilisation”’: The Dynamics of Cultural Change
- Envoi: ‘Decline and Fall’
- Further Reading
- Notes
- Index
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