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Contexts and Topics of Discourse 
The study of discourse is entirely context-dependent because conversation 
involves situational knowledge beyond just the words spoken. Often times, 
meaning cannot be extrapolated from an exchange merely from its verbal 
utterances because there are many semantic factors involved in authentic 
communication. "The study of discourse...can involve matters like context, 
background information or knowledge shared between a speaker and 
hearer," (Bloor and Bloor 2013). 
Subcategories of Discourse 
"Discourse can...be used to refer to particular contexts of language use, and 
in this sense, it becomes similar to concepts like genre or text type. For 
example, we can conceptualize political discourse (the sort of language 
used in political contexts) or media discourse (language used in the media). 

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In addition, some writers have conceived of discourse as related to 
particular topics, such as an environmental discourse or colonial 
discourse...Such labels sometimes suggest a particular attitude towards a 
topic (e.g. people engaging in environmental discourse would generally be 
expected to be concerned with protecting the environment rather than 
wasting resources). Related to this, Foucault defines discourse more 
ideologically as 'practices which systematically form the objects of which 
they speak'," (Baker and Ellece 2013). 
QUIZ FOR SELF-ASSESSMENT: 
 
1.
 
What is 
the main notions of stylistics
? 
2.
What does the discourse study? 
3.
What subcubcategories of discourse do you know? 
 
 
LECTURE 2 
STYLISTIC DIFFERENTATION OF THE ENGLISH 
VOCABULARY
1.
English vocabulary
2.
Neutral words 
3.
Literary-bookish words 
4.
Colloquial words
All the words comprising the English vocabulary may be divided into 
three groups from the stylistic point of view: neutral, which is the bulkiest, 
literary-bookish and colloquial. 
Let us compare the following words: 
kid-child-infant chap-fellow-associate dad (daddy)-father-parent to get 
out-go away-retire go on-continue-proceed 
 
The difference between all these words is very clearly seen.