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Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar
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1.
Umumta‗lim fanlari metodikasi. 2014- yil yanvar.
2.
Абульханова К.А. Деятельность и психология личности. -М., 1980.
3.
Ушаков Д. В. Интеллект: структурно-динамическая теория. М.: Изд-во ИП
РАН, 2003.
4.
www.ziyonet.uz.
5.
www. Baxtiyor.uz.
189
INGLIZ VA O‟ZBEK TILLARIDA HURMATNI IFODALOVCHI
TIL VOSITALARINING BADIIY ADABIYOTLARDA
QO‟LLANILISHI
Baxriddinova Dilafruz Nasriddinovna,
Nizomiy nomidagi TDPU o‟qituvchisi
Bahriddinova Nilufar Nasriddin qizi,
NDPI 2-bosqich talabasi
Annotatsiya: Ushbu maqola ingliz tilidagi va o‘zbek tilidagi hurmatni ifodalovchi
so‘zlarni badiiy adabiyotda qo‘llanishi haqidagi ma‘lumotni o‘z ichiga olgan.
Kalit so‘zlar: til vositalari, badiiy adabiyot, hurmatni ifodalovchi so‘zlar, ijtimoiy
maqom
Barcha tillarda bo‘lgani kabi ingliz va o‘zbek tillarida ham morfologik tuzilishi
turlicha bo‘lgan hurmatni ifodalovchi til vositalarini uchratish mumkin. Bunday til
vositalari asosan ingliz va o‘zbek badiiy adabiyotlarida keng qo‘llanilgan.
Bugungi kunda jamiyatda istiqomat qilayotgan, yashab turgan shaxsning ijtimoiy
maqomini belgilashda Your Honour!, Dear Sir! kabi vositalar qo‘llaniladi. Bu holat,
ayniqsa, Teodor Drayzerning ―Jenni Gerxard‖ romanida ko‘p uchraydi. ―…Finally,
his name was called, and the boy was pushed forward to the bar. ―Stealing coat, Your
Honour and resisting arrest‖ explained the officer who had arrested him….‖.
―Yes, Sir! I am Abe Lathan!‖one of the man, the oldest, asked. Yes, Sir. I am Abe
Lathan,‖ he answered, wondering who they were, because he had never seen them
before‖ Why do you want to know that?‖(Erskine Caldwell).
Ingliz tilida shunday so‘zlar ham borki, bunday so‘zlar kishining o‘zga bir kishiga
bo‘lgan muhabbati, uning hurmati va vafodorligini hamda sevgisini ifodalashi
mumkin.
190
―Lester Dear - when get this I won‘t be here, and I want you not to think harshly of
me until you have read it all. I am taking…‖.‖Lester Dear, I am ashamed of to leave
you this way, it seems so mean, but if you knew how I have been feeling these days
you would forgive me.
Biz ―dear‖ so‘zining yuqorida anglatgan ma‘nosi bilan cheklanib qolmasligimiz
kerak, chunki ―dear‖ so‘zi hurmat ma‘nosini anglatib, turli xil tabriklarda, taklif va
e‘lonlar matnlarida ham uchratishimiz mumkin.
Dear teachers and students! On behalf of the students of the English and literature
department let me congratulate everybody with the spring holiday ―Navruz‖ and wish
you good luck.
Ingliz tilida shaxsga uning ismini aytib murojaat qilishimiz mumkin, lekin shunday
hollar ham uchrab turadiki, shaxsga uning sharifidan oldin ―Mr‖,‖Mrs‖ so‘zlarini
qo‘shish orqali ham murojaat qilinadi. Bu esa albatta kishiga bo‘lgan hurmatni
ifodalaydi. Bu ko‘rinishni ham hurmatni ifodalovchi vositalar qatoriga kiritish
mumkin.
Mr. Kane had not been there for several days, in fact, occupy his rooms more than one
or two days a week.
Ingliz badiiy adabiyotlarini tarjimasiga e‘tibor beradigan bo‘lsak, badiiy matnlarda
bunday tarjimalarni ko‘plab uchratishimiz mumkin. So‘zimizning isboti sifatida
Teodor Drayzerning ―Jenni Gerxard‖ romanida Lesterning Branderga qilgan
murojaatini yana bir borga esga olaylik.
Jenny wavered a moment, as one who might be going to take a leap in the dark, then
opened her lips mechanically and confessed: ―It‘s Senator Branders. Senator Brander‖!
Echoed Lester, the familiar name of the dead but still famous statesman ringing with
shocking and unexpected force in her ears‖ How did he come to know him?‖
Yuqoridagi misoldan ko‘rinib turibdiki, senator, doctor, professor, captain va shu
kabi insonning kasbini, lavozimi, shuningdek mansabini ifodalovchi so‘zlarni ham
hurmatni ifodalovchi til vositalari deb qabul qilishimiz mumkin. Agar biz shu kabi
so‘zlarni oddiy til vositalari deb qaydigan bo‘lsak.unda nima uchun har doim ham
kishining faqatgina ismini-sharifini aytib murojaat qilmaymiz?. Demak kishiga uning
191
kasbiga yoki tutayotgan ishiga qarab murojaat qilish o‘sha shaxsga b‘lgan hurmat va
izzatni bildirar ekan.
Bundan tashqari nutqimizda ham badiiy adabiyotlarda ham inim, zoti oliylari, janob,
malikayi oliyshoh, oily janoblari, taqsir, azizim so‘zlari va –lar ko‘plik qo‘shimchasi
tarixiy shaxslar bo‘lmish podsho, malikalar sha‘niga aytilgan hurmat so‘zlari
bo‘lsada, ular alohida ahamiyat kasb etishi bilan muhimdir. Bu kabi misollarni
bevosita nutq ketayotgan paytda ham uchratish mumkin. Msalan,kundalik hayotimizda
uchrab turuvchi, ya‘ni talabaning professor - o‘qituvchiga, shogirdning o‘z ustoziga
qilayotgan murojaatida ham o‘ziga xos bo‘lgan hurmat belgisini ko‘rishimiz mumkin.
Ingliz tili bilan solishtirgan holda o‘zbek tilida ham kishiga kasbi, mansabi va
vazifasiga moyil bo‘lgan so‘zlar bilan murojaat qilish odat tusiga kirgan.Shu o‘rinda
bunday til vositalini qo‘llash bilan o‘sha kasb egalariga hurmat ifodalanayotganini
tushunib olish qiyin emas.
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