Reja: Barqaror birikmalar haqida ma'lumot

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Phraseological languages   are called such lexically inseparable phrases, the meaning of which is not determined by the meaning of the individual words included in them. For example, the meaning of revolutions is to hit the corner: "lie down", from the fallen pass - "negligence", soda and gomorrah - "noise, noise", after the sleeves - "negligence", how to drink - "absolutely", etc. unsubstantiated. components, because, firstly, the words that exist independently in the lexical system of modern language do not have the meaning of buckwheat, bakery, poor, sodom, gomorra ; second, the meaning of the words hit, lower (later), eat, give, drink  lexically weakened, even ruined when used in this sentence (compare: basic meanings "hit", fall down, "slide from top to bottom", sleeves - "part of a garment that covers the hand"; give, give, drink, "absorb the liquid").

Thus, the main feature of phraseological association is its lexical indivisibility, absolute semantic harmony, in which the meaning of the whole revolution cannot be deduced from the meaning of the words that make it up.

Semantically, it is in many cases the equivalent of a fusion word (a type of syntactically mixed word in “Acad. VV Vinogradov terminology”). For example: up   - "on the contrary" hand in hand   - "sincere, sincere", "from the sky" - "bad", to celebrate coward (or coward)   - "fear, fear" and others

The grammatical forms of the words that make up a phraseological unit can sometimes change. For example, in sentences Prohor also suggested Protasov: he has universal knowledge and ate a dog in mining   (Bump.) Or: - As for fabrics, I am not an expert on them, ask Queen Mary about them. Women ate this dog   (ICT) - the connection between the word eaten and the object of action is preserved: he ate,   and so on. But such a change of grammatical forms does not affect the general meaning of the unit.

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In some language combinations the grammatical forms and grammatical connections of words can no longer be explained from the point of view of modern Russian, viz. they are perceived as a type of grammatical archaism. For example: from small to big-barefoot, nothing in the daytime generalizes   (or concludes) so that, wherever I am, the joke I tell my brain, I wonder,   and so on. The grammatical forms of obsolete words (and sometimes as a whole word) and motionless syntactic connections only support the lexical indivisibility of rotation, its semantic unity.

Syntactically, phraseological compounds serve as a single member of a sentence. For example, in the sentence He pressed me that ... we do nothing, we work from the bottom   (S. Antonov) the defined phraseological association serves as a state of the mode of action. Sentences of his speech, distract you   (Vyazemskiy) fusion predikatdir.

Note . Phraseological compounds are called idioms in another sense (gr. Idiōma is an inseparable phrase from the Greek language that is unique to a particular language.

Phraseological compounds are called fixed deviations, the general meaning of which depends entirely on the meaning of the compound words. Words in phraseological combinations retain relative semantic independence, but they are not free and express their meaning only in conjunction with a certain, closed word range, for example: the word is combined only with tears begging . Thus, one of the members of the phraseological compound is more stable and even constant, the other is variable. The presence of a combination of permanent and variable members significantly separates them from union and solidarity. The meaning of permanent members (components) is phraseologically related. For example,  and the dream is constantly burning and carried away, for it is precisely these words that become the main (basic) element in other phraseological combinations: burning - shame, shame, shame; burn - out of love; burning - from impatience, envy; takes - nostalgia, meditation; takes - anger, rage; takes - fear, horror; takes - envy; beret - hunting; takes - laughter . Other components cannot be used (e.g., “burn with joy”, “accept with a smile”), which depends on the existing semantic relationships in the language system. The meanings of such words in the information system of revolutions are phraseologically interrelated (see § 2), viz. is done only with a certain vocabulary.

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Phraseological compounds differ from phraseological associations and units in that they are absolutely lexically indivisible. Despite the phraseological closure of these types of revolutions, components can also be lexically replaced by synonyms without compromising the overall phraseological meaning ( e.g., lowering your head - lowering your head; sitting in a puddle - sitting in a galosh; make an eyebrow - a pumpkin). insert   , etc.). This creates favorable conditions for the emergence of variants of phraseological units and often synonyms.

The syntactic relations of words in such revolutions conform to existing norms, according to which free expressions are created. However, unlike the latter, these connections are stable, inseparable, and always repeated in the same form, specific to one or another phraseological unit.

Trishkin is a kaftan, from ball to ball from inside the ship, a Christian idealist, and so on. The same can be said about proverbs that have lost their offensive part, for example: a hungry aunt is not (continuation already forgotten - the pie is slippery ), a dog in a manger (the second part is not left: she does not eat and does not give to others ), and so on. Many words are included in different phraseological groups.

Phraseological units from complex terms include those with new meanings, for example: absolute zero - low importance of man, and so on.

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Конец формы

Phraseological compounds

Phraseological compounds are called such fixed deviations, the general meaning of which depends entirely on the meaning of the compound words. Words that are part of a phraseological combination retain relative semantic independence, but they are not free and show their meaning only in conjunction with a certain, closed word range, e.g., word tears with just asking, combined with words of pleading. Thus, one of the members of the phraseological compound is more stable and even constant, the other is variable. The presence of a combination of permanent and variable members significantly separates them from union and solidarity. The meaning of permanent members (components) is phraseologically related. For example, in combinations of shame and burning beret there will be constant burning and getting, because these words will be the main (basic) element in other phraseological combinations: burn - shame, shame, shame; burn - out of love; burning - from impatience, envy; takes - nostalgia, meditation; takes - anger, rage; takes - fear, horror; takes - envy; beret - hunting; takes - laughter. Other components cannot be used (e.g., “burn with joy”, “accept with a smile”), which depends on the existing semantic relationships in the language system. The meanings of such words in the information system of revolutions are phraseologically interrelated (see § 2), viz. is done only with a certain vocabulary.
Phraseological compounds differ from phraseological associations and units in that they are absolutely lexically indivisible. Despite the phraseological closure of these types of revolutions, even lexically invalid components can be replaced with synonyms without compromising the overall phraseological meaning (s .: Head down - head down; sitting in a pond - sitting in a galoshe; grow - remove eyebrows, etc.). ) This creates favorable conditions for the emergence of variants of phraseological units and often synonyms.

The syntactic relations of words in such revolutions conform to existing norms, according to which free expressions are created. However, unlike the latter, these connections are stable, inseparable, and always repeated in the same form, specific to one or another phraseological unit.

Phraseological compounds are very numerous in composition and are very common in the group of their use.

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Конец формы

Phraseological combination of words