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Figure 41: Comparison of measured and calculated viscosities for a natural gas- Pegasus 805 Ultra mixture at 150°C
Three tests were conducted at similar temperatures (100.6+1.3/-0.7°C) and pressures
(51.7±0.3 bara) to determine the repeatability of the results. The expected
variation of the
diluted viscosity was ±0.1cP from the calculations at the different conditions but a variation of
±0.5cP was seen in the measurements. All measurements were less than 20cP and the
expected variation in this range was +0.44/-0.32cP based on calibration with a standard test
fluid. As the variation seen was outside of the expected range
based on the calibration, error
bars of ±0.5cP were applied to all measurements. The maximum variation between the
measured and calculated viscosity was 1.04cP. It is noted that in eight out of nine tests, the
measured viscosity is higher than the predicted viscosity. Although the predicted viscosities are
outside of the error bounds
of the measurements, they are still within 1.04cP and typically
predict a lower viscosity than was measured. Thus, the predicted viscosity based on ideal
mixing rules and the data from (Seeton C. J., 2019) serves as a good estimate of the viscosity a
lubricant diluted with a natural gas mixture for temperatures from 100-150C and pressures up to
72
87 bara with minimal differences observed. As the predicted values are slightly lower than the
measured values, the prediction method provides if nothing else, a margin
of safety when
compared to the measured viscosity.
73
Chapter 4
–
Lubricant Absorption of Natural Gas
–
Results from
the Field
4.1 - Purpose of Field Study
As mentioned previously, the work of Seeton (2019) did not investigate natural gas mixtures
over concerns that the lubricant would preferentially absorb certain parts of the gas mixture
which could not be replenished in the system. Thus, a field study was
undertaken to collect
samples of used lubricant from the field that had seen a constant stream of natural gas.
Samples of used lubricant and natural gas were collected from a vapor recovery unit (VRU) in
Weld County, Colorado approximately forty miles from Colorado State University
’s Powerhouse
Energy Campus. The compressors identified for sampling were two-stage, four-throw Ariel
compressors running Mobil Pegasus 805 Ultra as the lubricant. The first stage suction pressure
ranged from 24.9 to 27.2 bara (346 to 380 psig). The second stage discharge pressure ranged
from 78.2 to 81.0 bara (1120 to 1160 psig) with the discharge gas temperature varying from 93
to 116°C (200 to 240°F). Sample collection for this project was unique in
that the samples had
to be collected under pressure. A pressure decrease would result in the lubricant releasing the
dissolved gases similar to how a carbonated beverage fizzes upon the container’s openin
g. To
capture the high-pressure gas or lubricant, thirteen sampling cylinders were
constructed using a
piece of 3/8” OD tubing and two Swagelok needle valves. The sample bottles have a volume of
3.05±0.11 mL (0.1±0.004 ounces) which was determined through gravimetric analysis. Two
examples of the sampling cylinders in use are shown in Figure 42 below.