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a series of studies on the nature of creativity
: Donald W. MacKinnon, “The Nature and
Nurture of Creative Talent” (Walter Van Dyke Bingham Lecture given at Yale University,
New Haven, Connecticut, April 11, 1962). See also MacKinnon, “Personality and the
Realization of Creative Potential,” Presidential Address presented at Western Psychological
Association, Portland, Oregon, April 1964.
4.
 
One of the most interesting findings
: See, for example, (1) Gregory J. Feist, “A Meta-
Analysis of Personality in Scientific and Artistic Creativity,” 
Personality and Social Psychology
Review
2, no. 4 (1998): 290–309; (2) Feist, “Autonomy and Independence,” 
Encyclopedia of
Creativity
, vol. 1 (San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 1999), 157–63; and (3) Mihaly
Csikszentmihalyi, 
Creativity: Flow and the Psychology of Discovery and Invention
(New York:
Harper Perennial, 1996), 65–68. There 
are
some studies showing a correlation between
extroversion and creativity, but in contrast to the studies by MacKinnon, Csikszentmihalyi,
and Feist, which followed people whose careers had proven them to be exceptionally
creative “in real life,” these tend to be studies of college students measuring subjects’
creativity in more casual ways, for example by analyzing their personal hobbies or by asking
them to play creativity games like writing a story about a picture. It’s likely that extroverts
would do better in high-arousal settings like these. It’s also possible, as the psychologist Uwe
Wolfradt suggests, that the relationship between introversion and creativity is “discernable
at a higher level of creativity only.” (Uwe Wolfradt, “Individual Differences in Creativity:
Personality, Story Writing, and Hobbies,” 
European Journal of Personality
15, no. 4,
[July/August 2001]: 297–310.)
5.
 
Hans Eysenck
: Hans J. Eysenck, 
Genius: The Natural History of Creativity
(New York:
Cambridge University Press, 1995).
6.